TRIM22: Tripartite Motif Containing 22
A key interferon-inducible antiviral restriction factor and potential tumor suppressor
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TRIM22 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Tripartite Motif Containing 22 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 11p15.4 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 10346 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10346 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000132274 |
| UniProt ID | Q8IYM9 |
| OMIM ID | 606559 |
| HGNC ID | 16379 |
| Aliases | Staf50, RNF94, GPSTAF50 |
Description
TRIM22 (tripartite motif containing 22) is an interferon-inducible gene that encodes a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family. The protein functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and plays a critical role in innate antiviral immunity by restricting replication of several viruses, including HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, and influenza A virus. TRIM22 also exhibits tumor suppressor activity in various cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer, through regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and p53 signaling.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | TRIM22 downregulation promotes cell proliferation and metastasis via p53 inactivation and NF-κB activation | PMID: 25944712 |
| Breast cancer | Reduced TRIM22 expression correlates with poor prognosis; loss of TRIM22 enhances tumor growth and invasion | PMID: 29367642 |
| HIV-1 infection | TRIM22 restricts HIV-1 replication by targeting the viral capsid and inhibiting viral transcription | PMID: 19036816 |
| Influenza A virus infection | TRIM22 inhibits influenza A virus replication by promoting degradation of viral nucleoprotein | PMID: 26912624 |
| Hepatitis B virus infection | TRIM22 suppresses HBV replication by enhancing degradation of HBV core protein | PMID: 23325687 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 12.5 | Medium |
| Spleen | 10.8 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.2 | Medium |
| Liver | 6.1 | Low |
| Breast | 4.5 | Low |
| Brain | 1.2 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 15.3 | High expression |
| HeLa | 9.8 | Medium expression |
| HepG2 | 7.4 | Medium expression |
| MCF7 | 5.1 | Low expression |
| Jurkat | 18.2 | High expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.511C>T (p.Arg171Trp) | Missense | 0.0004 (gnomAD) | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1042G>A (p.Glu348Lys) | Missense | 0.0002 (gnomAD) | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1327C>T (p.Arg443*) | Nonsense | <0.0001 (gnomAD) | Predicted loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Arg443*) and frameshift variants are predicted to cause loss of E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and antiviral function.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported in TRIM22.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been characterized for TRIM22.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Interferon signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-913531)
• Antiviral mechanism by IFN-stimulated genes (Reactome: R-HSA-1169410)
• Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis (KEGG: hsa04120)
• p53 signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04115)
Protein Summary
TRIM22 is a 498-amino acid protein (molecular weight ~56 kDa) belonging to the TRIM/RBCC family. It contains an N-terminal RING finger domain, one or two B-box domains, a coiled-coil region, and a C-terminal SPRY domain. The RING domain confers E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, enabling TRIM22 to ubiquitinate target proteins for proteasomal degradation. The SPRY domain mediates substrate recognition, including viral proteins such as HIV-1 capsid and influenza nucleoprotein. TRIM22 is predominantly cytoplasmic but can shuttle to the nucleus. Its expression is strongly induced by type I and type II interferons via STAT1-dependent signaling.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRIM22 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ6379 | Human | 10346 | Details Get a Quote |
| TRIM22 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ31753 | Human | 10346 | Details Get a Quote |
| TRIM22 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ31754 | Human | 10346 | Details Get a Quote |
| TRIM22 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ31755 | Human | 10346 | Details Get a Quote |
