TCL1A: T Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma 1A
A proto-oncogene implicated in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia and other lymphoid malignancies.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TCL1A |
|---|---|
| Full Name | T cell leukemia/lymphoma 1A |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 14q32.13 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 8115 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8115 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100721 |
| UniProt ID | P56279 |
| OMIM ID | 186960 |
| HGNC ID | 11648 |
| Aliases | TCL1, TCL1A, T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 1 |
Description
TCL1A is a proto-oncogene located on chromosome 14q32.13. It encodes a protein that functions as a coactivator of AKT1, enhancing its kinase activity and promoting cell survival and proliferation. Overexpression of TCL1A, often due to chromosomal rearrangements, is a hallmark of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL). The gene is normally expressed in early T-cell progenitors and B-cells but is silenced in mature T-cells. Aberrant expression leads to lymphomagenesis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) | Overexpression of TCL1A due to inv(14)(q11.2q32.13) or t(14;14)(q11.2;q32.13) leads to constitutive AKT activation, promoting T-cell survival and proliferation. | OMIM 186960; NCBI Gene 8115 |
| B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) | TCL1A overexpression in B-cells enhances AKT signaling and contributes to leukemogenesis. | PMID: 12091320; NCBI Gene 8115 |
| Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) | TCL1A expression is upregulated in some ATLL cases, associated with HTLV-1 infection. | PMID: 15536153 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 12.5 | Medium |
| Spleen | 8.3 | Low |
| Bone marrow | 6.1 | Low |
| Thymus | 4.2 | Low |
| Whole blood | 1.0 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Jurkat (T-cell leukemia) | 15.2 | High expression; model for T-PLL |
| Raji (Burkitt lymphoma) | 9.8 | Moderate expression |
| K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia) | 0.5 | Very low expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.2 | Not expressed |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | Rare | Loss of start codon; likely loss of function |
| c.100C>T (p.Arg34Trp) | missense | Rare | Unknown functional effect |
| inv(14)(q11.2q32.13) | structural variant | Common in T-PLL | Leads to TCL1A overexpression; gain of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare missense variants (e.g., p.Met1?) may cause loss of protein expression.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Chromosomal rearrangements (inv14, t14;14) cause overexpression, enhancing AKT signaling.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not reported for TCL1A.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• PI3K/AKT signaling pathway (Reactome R-HSA-1257604)
• T-cell receptor signaling pathway (KEGG hsa04660)
Protein Summary
The TCL1A protein (UniProt P56279) is a 114-amino acid cytoplasmic protein that binds to AKT1, enhancing its kinase activity. It does not possess intrinsic enzymatic activity but acts as a coactivator. Overexpression leads to sustained AKT signaling, promoting cell survival and proliferation. The protein is normally expressed in early lymphoid progenitors and is silenced in mature T-cells. Its aberrant expression is a key driver of T-PLL.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCL1A Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ870 | Human | 8115 | Details Get a Quote |
| TCL1A Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54823 | Human | 8115 | Details Get a Quote |
| TCL1A Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63314 | Human | 8115 | Details Get a Quote |
| TCL1A Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71785 | Human | 8115 | Details Get a Quote |
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