SULT2A1: Sulfotransferase Family 2A Member 1
A key enzyme in steroid and bile acid sulfation, with implications in hormone metabolism, cancer, and endocrine disorders.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | SULT2A1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Sulfotransferase Family 2A Member 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19q13.33 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 6822 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6822 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000105373 |
| UniProt ID | Q06520 |
| OMIM ID | 125263 |
| HGNC ID | 11455 |
| Aliases | ST2, DHEA-ST, HST, STD |
Description
SULT2A1 encodes a sulfotransferase enzyme that catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of steroids, bile acids, and xenobiotics. It is primarily expressed in the liver, adrenal glands, and intestine, and plays a critical role in the metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and other hydroxysteroids.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast Cancer | Altered SULT2A1 expression may affect estrogen metabolism and hormone-dependent tumor growth. | ClinVar, COSMIC |
| Prostate Cancer | Polymorphisms in SULT2A1 are associated with altered steroid hormone levels and cancer risk. | NCBI, OMIM |
| Adrenal Insufficiency | Deficient sulfation of adrenal steroids can impact hormone homeostasis. | OMIM |
| Cholestasis | Impaired bile acid sulfation may contribute to cholestatic liver disease. | NCBI |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | High |
| Adrenal Gland | 8.3 | Medium |
| Small Intestine | 6.1 | Medium |
| Colon | 2.4 | Low |
| Kidney | 1.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 15.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| Caco-2 | 7.8 | Colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line |
| MCF7 | 0.5 | Breast cancer cell line (low expression) |
| LNCaP | 1.2 | Prostate cancer cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | <0.01% | Loss of start codon, likely loss of function |
| c.100C>T (p.Arg34Cys) | missense | 0.02% | Reduced enzyme activity |
| c.200G>A (p.Arg67His) | missense | 0.01% | Altered substrate specificity |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations such as p.Met1? and p.Arg34Cys reduce or abolish sulfotransferase activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described for SULT2A1.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • sulfotransferase activity (GO:0008146) | • steroid metabolic process (GO:0008202) |
| • sulfur compound metabolic process (GO:0006790) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
| • cytosol (GO:0005829) |
Pathways
• Steroid hormone biosynthesis (KEGG: hsa00140)
• Bile acid biosynthesis (KEGG: hsa00120)
• Sulfation of steroids (Reactome: R-HSA-174403)
Protein Summary
SULT2A1 is a 285-amino acid cytosolic sulfotransferase that transfers a sulfo group from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to the hydroxyl group of steroids and bile acids. It is essential for the inactivation and elimination of DHEA, and its activity influences hormone levels in circulation and tissues.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SULT2A1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5865 | Human | 6822 | Details Get a Quote |
| SULT2A1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54590 | Human | 6822 | Details Get a Quote |
| SULT2A1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63073 | Human | 6822 | Details Get a Quote |
| SULT2A1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71548 | Human | 6822 | Details Get a Quote |
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