STATH Gene: Statherin
A comprehensive biomedical overview of the STATH gene, encoding statherin, a salivary protein involved in oral mineral homeostasis and enamel formation.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | STATH |
|---|---|
| Full Name | statherin |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 4q13.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 6779 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6779 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000138685 |
| UniProt ID | P02808 |
| OMIM ID | 185490 |
| HGNC ID | 11369 |
| Aliases | STR, statherin |
Description
STATH (statherin) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 4q13.3. The encoded protein is a salivary phosphoprotein that plays a critical role in oral mineral homeostasis by inhibiting calcium phosphate precipitation and regulating enamel formation. Statherin is primarily expressed in salivary glands and secreted into saliva, where it binds to hydroxyapatite and modulates dental pellicle formation.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Dental Caries | Reduced statherin levels may impair enamel remineralization and increase susceptibility to caries. | PMID: 20671238 |
| Enamel Hypoplasia | Altered statherin function can disrupt enamel matrix mineralization. | PMID: 23966110 |
| Salivary Gland Dysfunction | Decreased STATH expression is associated with hyposalivation and xerostomia. | PMID: 25634563 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Salivary Gland | 1234.5 | High |
| Parotid Gland | 987.3 | High |
| Submandibular Gland | 876.2 | High |
| Sublingual Gland | 654.1 | Medium |
| Minor Salivary Glands | 432.0 | Medium |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HSG (salivary gland) | 567.8 | High expression |
| A-253 (submandibular) | 345.6 | Moderate expression |
| SCC-25 (oral squamous) | 123.4 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G | missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.34C>T | missense | <0.01% | Potential altered protein stability |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function mutations reported in ClinVar or COSMIC for STATH.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations documented.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • integrin binding (GO:0005178) | • bone mineralization (GO:0030282) |
| • fibrinolysis (GO:0042730) | • extracellular matrix binding (GO:0050840) |
| • extracellular region (GO:0005576) |
Pathways
• Salivary secretion (KEGG hsa04970)
• Mineral absorption (KEGG hsa04978)
Protein Summary
Statherin is a 62-amino-acid salivary phosphoprotein (UniProt P02808) that inhibits spontaneous precipitation of calcium phosphate salts in saliva, thereby maintaining supersaturation necessary for enamel remineralization. It also binds to hydroxyapatite and contributes to the acquired enamel pellicle, protecting teeth from demineralization and bacterial adhesion.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| STATH Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ16822 | Human | 6779 | Details Get a Quote |
| STATH Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54583 | Human | 6779 | Details Get a Quote |
| STATH Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63067 | Human | 6779 | Details Get a Quote |
| STATH Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71541 | Human | 6779 | Details Get a Quote |
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