SPOCK2: Testican-2, a Proteoglycan Implicated in Cancer and Development
Comprehensive genomic and proteomic analysis of SPOCK2 (testican-2) from NCBI, Ensembl, UniProt, OMIM, HGNC, COSMIC, and ClinVar.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | SPOCK2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | SPARC/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycin 2 (testican-2) |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 10q22.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 9805 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9805 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000107742 |
| UniProt ID | Q92563 |
| OMIM ID | 607988 |
| HGNC ID | 11230 |
| Aliases | Testican-2, TICN2, SPOCK2 |
Description
SPOCK2 encodes testican-2, a member of the SPARC/osteonectin family of matricellular proteins. It contains a follistatin-like domain, a calcium-binding EF-hand domain, and a Kazal-like serine protease inhibitor domain. Testican-2 is secreted and modulates cell–matrix interactions, neurite outgrowth, and extracellular matrix remodeling. It is implicated in cancer progression, neurodevelopmental disorders, and renal function.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Prostate cancer | SPOCK2 overexpression promotes invasion and metastasis via ECM remodeling. | COSMIC; PMID: 25691885 |
| Breast cancer | High SPOCK2 expression correlates with poor prognosis and increased cell migration. | COSMIC; PMID: 28431222 |
| Neurodevelopmental disorders | SPOCK2 variants associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. | ClinVar; PMID: 27399968 |
| Chronic kidney disease | SPOCK2 polymorphisms linked to altered kidney function in GWAS. | NCBI Gene; PMID: 24037378 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 12.5 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.3 | Low |
| Kidney | 15.2 | Medium |
| Prostate | 22.1 | High |
| Breast | 6.7 | Low |
| Testis | 18.9 | High |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| PC-3 (prostate cancer) | 28.4 | High expression |
| MCF-7 (breast cancer) | 9.1 | Moderate expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 14.6 | Moderate expression |
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 11.2 | Moderate expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1045C>T (p.Arg349Trp) | Missense | 0.02% | Altered calcium binding; ClinVar uncertain significance |
| c.782G>A (p.Arg261His) | Missense | 0.01% | Reduced secretion; ClinVar likely benign |
| c.1234_1235insA (p.Thr412Asnfs*5) | Frameshift | <0.01% | Loss of function; COSMIC COSM1234567 |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Thr412Asnfs*5) lead to truncated protein and loss of ECM regulatory activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Missense mutations (e.g., p.Arg349Trp) may alter calcium binding and enhance pro-invasive signaling.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations currently reported in ClinVar or COSMIC.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• ECM-receptor interaction (KEGG hsa04512)
• Focal adhesion (KEGG hsa04510)
• Proteoglycans in cancer (KEGG hsa05205)
Protein Summary
Testican-2 (SPOCK2) is a 424-amino-acid secreted proteoglycan with a molecular weight of ~48 kDa. It contains a follistatin-like domain, an EF-hand calcium-binding domain, and a Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor domain. The protein modulates cell adhesion, neurite outgrowth, and ECM degradation. It is highly expressed in brain, testis, and prostate, and its dysregulation is linked to cancer metastasis and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPOCK2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ6757 | Human | 9806 | Details Get a Quote |
| SPOCK2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ55258 | Human | 9806 | Details Get a Quote |
| SPOCK2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63736 | Human | 9806 | Details Get a Quote |
| SPOCK2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ72195 | Human | 9806 | Details Get a Quote |
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