SELENOW (Selenoprotein W)
A small selenoprotein involved in redox regulation and muscle development
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | SELENOW |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Selenoprotein W |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19q13.33 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 6415 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6415 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000105679 |
| UniProt ID | P63302 |
| OMIM ID | 603772 |
| HGNC ID | 10715 |
| Aliases | SEPW1, SELW |
Description
SELENOW encodes selenoprotein W, a small selenoprotein containing a selenocysteine residue at its active site. It is involved in cellular redox homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and muscle development. The protein is widely expressed, with highest levels in skeletal muscle, heart, and brain.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle atrophy | Oxidative stress dysregulation due to reduced selenoprotein W activity | PMID: 23454731 |
| Keshan disease | Selenium deficiency leads to decreased SELENOW expression, contributing to cardiomyopathy | PMID: 16914724 |
| Colorectal cancer | Altered SELENOW expression linked to redox imbalance and tumor progression | PMID: 25687214 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Skeletal muscle | 12.5 | Medium |
| Heart | 9.8 | Medium |
| Brain | 7.2 | Low |
| Liver | 3.1 | Low |
| Kidney | 5.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 8.1 | Cervical cancer cell line |
| HepG2 | 6.3 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| SH-SY5Y | 7.5 | Neuroblastoma cell line |
| C2C12 | 11.2 | Mouse myoblast cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.94G>A (p.Gly32Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Reduced selenocysteine incorporation, impaired redox function |
| c.200C>T (p.Pro67Leu) | Missense | <0.01% | Decreased protein stability |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start loss | <0.01% | Loss of translation initiation |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Missense and start-loss variants impair selenocysteine incorporation or protein stability, reducing antioxidant capacity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • peroxidase activity (GO:0004601) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
| • response to oxidative stress (GO:0006979) | • identical protein binding (GO:0042802) |
| • oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491) |
Pathways
• Selenium micronutrient network (Reactome: R-HSA-2408522)
• Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Reactome: R-HSA-3299685)
Protein Summary
Selenoprotein W is a small 9.5 kDa protein containing a single selenocysteine residue at position 13. It functions as a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase, protecting cells from oxidative damage. The protein is highly expressed in muscle and brain, and its expression is regulated by dietary selenium. Structural studies show a thioredoxin-like fold with a redox-active CXXU motif.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SELENOW Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50623 | Human | 6415 | Details Get a Quote |
| SELENOW Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54445 | Human | 6415 | Details Get a Quote |
| SELENOW Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62936 | Human | 6415 | Details Get a Quote |
| SELENOW Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71405 | Human | 6415 | Details Get a Quote |
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