PTPN4 Gene - Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 4 | Function, Mutations & Diseases

PTPN4 encodes a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that belongs to the PTP family. The protein contains a N-terminal FERM domain and a C-terminal catalytic phosphatase domain. It is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and immune responses. PTPN4 is known to interact with and dephosphorylate various substrates, including the glutamate receptor subunit GluN2B, and plays a role in synaptic function and neurodevelopment. It also modulates T-cell receptor signaling and has been implicated in cancer and neurological disorders.

Tissue Expression

Cell Line Expression

Hotspot Mutations

Mutation functional classification

• T cell receptor signaling pathway

• Neurotrophin signaling pathway

• Glutamatergic synapse

PTPN4 is a 926-amino acid protein with a FERM domain (residues 1-300) and a tyrosine phosphatase domain (residues 600-900). It localizes to the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The FERM domain mediates interactions with membrane proteins, while the phosphatase domain dephosphorylates phosphotyrosine residues on substrates such as GluN2B and ITK. PTPN4 regulates synaptic transmission and T-cell activation. Alternative splicing produces multiple isoforms.