PTGR2 (Prostaglandin Reductase 2)
A key enzyme in prostaglandin metabolism and cellular redox regulation
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PTGR2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Prostaglandin Reductase 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 14q24.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 145482 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/145482 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100804 |
| UniProt ID | Q8N8N7 |
| OMIM ID | 615314 |
| HGNC ID | 25960 |
| Aliases | LTB4DH, ZADH3, FLJ12787 |
Description
PTGR2 encodes prostaglandin reductase 2, an enzyme that catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of prostaglandins and leukotriene B4, thereby inactivating these lipid mediators. It plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory responses and cellular redox balance. The gene is located on chromosome 14q24.1 and is expressed in multiple tissues.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Prostate cancer | Altered PTGR2 expression may affect prostaglandin metabolism, influencing tumor growth and inflammation. | COSMIC; PMID: 23535732 |
| Colorectal cancer | Downregulation of PTGR2 is associated with poor prognosis and altered arachidonic acid metabolism. | COSMIC; PMID: 25691885 |
| Inflammatory diseases | PTGR2 inactivation leads to accumulation of leukotriene B4, promoting inflammation. | UniProt; PMID: 19098282 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.3 | Medium |
| Kidney | 8.7 | Medium |
| Small intestine | 6.5 | Low |
| Prostate | 5.2 | Low |
| Colon | 4.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 10.1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| HEK 293 | 7.4 | Embryonic kidney cells |
| LNCaP | 3.9 | Prostate cancer cell line |
| HT-29 | 2.5 | Colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | <0.01% | Likely loss of start codon; predicted loss of function |
| c.374C>T (p.Thr125Met) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown significance; ClinVar |
| c.689G>A (p.Arg230Gln) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown significance; ClinVar |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations affecting the catalytic domain or start codon are predicted to reduce or abolish enzyme activity, leading to impaired prostaglandin and leukotriene B4 inactivation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported for PTGR2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described for PTGR2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Prostaglandin synthesis and metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-2162123)
• Arachidonic acid metabolism (KEGG: hsa00590)
• Leukotriene metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-2142691)
Protein Summary
Prostaglandin reductase 2 (PTGR2) is a 351-amino acid cytosolic enzyme that belongs to the zinc-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase family. It catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of the 13,14-double bond of prostaglandins and the 12-hydroxy group of leukotriene B4, leading to their inactivation. The enzyme is highly expressed in liver and kidney and plays a critical role in modulating inflammatory signaling. Structural studies reveal a homodimeric organization with a catalytic zinc ion.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTGR2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ10442 | Human | 145482 | Details Get a Quote |
| PTGR2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ37820 | Human | 145482 | Details Get a Quote |
| PTGR2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ37821 | Human | 145482 | Details Get a Quote |
| PTGR2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ37822 | Human | 145482 | Details Get a Quote |
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