PTGER2: Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP2 Subtype
GPCR Mediating PGE2 Signaling in Inflammation, Pain, and Cancer
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PTGER2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Prostaglandin E2 Receptor EP2 Subtype |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 14q22.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5732 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5732 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000125384 |
| UniProt ID | P43116 |
| OMIM ID | 176804 |
| HGNC ID | 9595 |
| Aliases | EP2, EP2R, PGE2 receptor EP2 |
Description
PTGER2 encodes the EP2 subtype of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that primarily couples to Gs alpha and stimulates cAMP production. It mediates diverse physiological and pathological processes including inflammation, pain, fever, bone metabolism, reproduction, and cancer progression. Activation of PTGER2 promotes vasodilation, bronchorelaxation, and immune modulation.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammatory pain | EP2 activation sensitizes nociceptors via cAMP-PKA pathway | PMID: 19074568 |
| Colorectal cancer | PGE2-EP2 signaling promotes tumor growth via β-catenin activation | PMID: 15619630 |
| Endometriosis | Elevated PTGER2 expression in endometriotic lesions | PMID: 21900417 |
| Asthma | EP2 agonists induce bronchodilation; polymorphisms associated with airway hyperresponsiveness | PMID: 12626338 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | EP2 contributes to synovial inflammation and bone erosion | PMID: 20037587 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lung | 12.3 | Medium |
| Kidney | 8.7 | Medium |
| Spleen | 6.5 | Low |
| Small intestine | 5.9 | Low |
| Uterus | 4.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| A549 (lung carcinoma) | 15.2 | High expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 9.1 | Medium expression |
| HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma) | 7.4 | Medium expression |
| MCF7 (breast carcinoma) | 3.6 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.665C>T (p.Pro222Leu) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1031G>A (p.Arg344His) | Missense | <0.01% | Reported in ClinVar as uncertain significance |
| c.1246C>T (p.Arg416*) | Nonsense | <0.01% | Predicted loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Arg416*) likely cause truncated non-functional receptor.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in PTGER2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for PTGER2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • prostaglandin E2 receptor activity |
| • adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | • inflammatory response |
| • positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling | • cell proliferation |
| • vasodilation |
Pathways
• GPCR downstream signaling (Gs-alpha/cAMP/PKA)
• PGE2 signaling in inflammation
• β-catenin activation in colorectal cancer
• cAMP-mediated smooth muscle relaxation
Protein Summary
PTGER2 (EP2) is a 358-amino acid G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It binds prostaglandin E2 with high affinity and couples to Gs alpha to increase intracellular cAMP. The receptor is expressed in multiple tissues including lung, kidney, and immune cells. EP2 plays key roles in inflammation, pain, and cancer, and is a target for therapeutic modulation in inflammatory diseases and oncology.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTGER2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1768 | Human | 5732 | Details Get a Quote |
| PTGER2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21640 | Human | 5732 | Details Get a Quote |
| PTGER2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54257 | Human | 5732 | Details Get a Quote |
| PTGER2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62748 | Human | 5732 | Details Get a Quote |
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