PRLH (Prolactin Releasing Hormone)
Gene encoding the prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), a neuropeptide involved in prolactin secretion, stress response, and energy homeostasis.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PRLH |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Prolactin Releasing Hormone |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 2q37.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 51095 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/51095 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000163041 |
| UniProt ID | P81277 |
| OMIM ID | 602663 |
| HGNC ID | 17952 |
| Aliases | PrRP, PRH, prolactin-releasing peptide |
Description
The PRLH gene encodes prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP), a neuropeptide primarily expressed in the hypothalamus. PrRP binds to the GPR10 receptor (also known as PrRPR) to stimulate prolactin secretion from the anterior pituitary. Beyond prolactin regulation, PrRP is involved in stress response, energy balance, and feeding behavior. The gene is located on chromosome 2q37.3 and consists of two exons.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Obesity | PrRP signaling modulates energy homeostasis; loss-of-function variants may contribute to hyperphagia and weight gain. | PMID: 17974916; OMIM #602663 |
| Stress-related disorders | PrRP is upregulated in response to stress and may influence anxiety and depression through hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis modulation. | PMID: 17974916; NCBI Gene |
| Prolactinoma | Altered PrRP expression may contribute to abnormal prolactin secretion in pituitary tumors. | PMID: 17974916; COSMIC |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothalamus | 12.5 | Medium |
| Pituitary | 8.2 | Low |
| Adrenal gland | 6.1 | Low |
| Placenta | 4.3 | Low |
| Testis | 3.7 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 5.1 | Neuronal model |
| HeLa (cervical carcinoma) | 2.3 | Low expression |
| HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) | 1.8 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of start codon; predicted loss of function |
| c.85C>T (p.Arg29Trp) | missense | <0.01% | Unknown significance; not reported in ClinVar |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Loss-of-function mutations in PRLH may impair PrRP signaling, potentially leading to altered prolactin secretion and metabolic dysregulation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported for PRLH.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described for PRLH.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Prolactin signaling pathway (KEGG hsa04917)
• Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction (KEGG hsa04080)
Protein Summary
The PRLH gene encodes a 20-amino-acid mature peptide (prolactin-releasing peptide, PrRP) after cleavage from a 98-amino-acid precursor. PrRP is a neuropeptide that binds to the GPR10 receptor to stimulate prolactin release. It also plays roles in stress response, energy balance, and feeding regulation. The protein is primarily expressed in the hypothalamus and is secreted into the pituitary portal circulation.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRLHR Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4777 | Human | 2834 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLH Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ10889 | Human | 51052 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLHR Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53389 | Human | 2834 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLH Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ56220 | Human | 51052 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLHR Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61867 | Human | 2834 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLH Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ64711 | Human | 51052 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLHR Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70349 | Human | 2834 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRLH Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ73156 | Human | 51052 | Details Get a Quote |
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