PRH2: Proline-Rich Protein HaeIII Subfamily 2
Salivary Proline-Rich Protein Gene Involved in Oral Biology and Disease
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PRH2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Proline-Rich Protein HaeIII Subfamily 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 12p13.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5555 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5555 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000135446 |
| UniProt ID | P02810 |
| OMIM ID | 168790 |
| HGNC ID | 9365 |
| Aliases | PRB2, PRP-2, PRP2 |
Description
PRH2 (Proline-Rich Protein HaeIII Subfamily 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 12p13.2. It encodes a member of the salivary proline-rich protein family, which are major components of human saliva. These proteins are involved in oral lubrication, protection against tannins, and modulation of oral microbiota. PRH2 is specifically expressed in salivary glands and is part of the PRB gene cluster. Variants in PRH2 have been implicated in altered salivary composition and oral disease susceptibility.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Altered PRH2 expression may affect salivary protein composition, potentially influencing tumor microenvironment and immune evasion. | COSMIC; PMID: 25631445 |
| Dental Caries | PRH2 polymorphisms are associated with reduced salivary proline-rich protein levels, affecting enamel pellicle formation and caries susceptibility. | ClinVar; PMID: 21930800 |
| Taste Perception (PTC tasting) | PRH2 haplotypes correlate with bitter taste sensitivity due to interactions with TAS2R receptors in saliva. | OMIM; PMID: 16785629 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Salivary Gland | 1245.3 | High |
| Pancreas | 12.1 | Low |
| Stomach | 5.6 | Low |
| Esophagus | 3.2 | Low |
| Lung | 0.8 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HSG (salivary gland) | 1520.0 | High expression |
| A549 (lung) | 0.5 | Not detected |
| HeLa (cervical) | 0.3 | Not detected |
| HepG2 (liver) | 0.1 | Not detected |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.226C>T (p.Arg76Cys) | Missense | 0.01% | Altered protein stability; reported in ClinVar as uncertain significance |
| c.389G>A (p.Arg130His) | Missense | 0.005% | Potential loss of proline-rich domain function |
| c.456_458del (p.Pro153del) | Deletion | <0.001% | Frameshift; likely loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Deletion and nonsense variants in PRH2 are predicted to result in truncated or absent protein, reducing salivary proline-rich protein levels.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported for PRH2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mechanisms are currently described for PRH2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • extracellular region (GO:0005576) | • extracellular space (GO:0005615) |
| • secretory granule (GO:0030141) | • identical protein binding (GO:0042802) |
| • protease binding (GO:0002020) |
Pathways
• Salivary secretion (KEGG: hsa04970)
• Protein digestion and absorption (KEGG: hsa04974)
Protein Summary
The PRH2 protein (UniProt P02810) is a 150-amino-acid proline-rich protein secreted into saliva. It contains multiple repeats of proline-rich motifs (e.g., PPPPG) that confer high affinity for tannins and oral bacteria. The protein is synthesized in acinar cells of salivary glands and stored in secretory granules. Post-translational modifications include glycosylation and phosphorylation. PRH2 contributes to oral mucosal protection, enamel pellicle formation, and modulation of taste perception.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRH2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5529 | Human | 5555 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRH2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54207 | Human | 5555 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRH2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62702 | Human | 5555 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRH2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71173 | Human | 5555 | Details Get a Quote |
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