PRDX2 (Peroxiredoxin 2): Antioxidant Enzyme, Redox Regulator, and Disease Implications
A comprehensive overview of PRDX2 gene, protein function, expression, mutations, and associated diseases, with curated references from authoritative databases.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PRDX2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Peroxiredoxin 2 |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 13q12.1 (GRCh38) |
| NCBI Gene ID | 7001 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7001 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000167815 |
| UniProt ID | P32119 |
| OMIM ID | 600538 |
| HGNC ID | 9354 |
| Aliases | NKEFB; TDPX1; PRP; NKEF-B; MGC4104 |
Description
PRDX2 (Peroxiredoxin 2) encodes a member of the peroxiredoxin family, a group of antioxidant enzymes that reduce hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides. PRDX2 is a typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, existing as a homodimer, and plays a crucial role in cellular redox homeostasis, protecting cells from oxidative stress. It is involved in various cellular processes including signal transduction, apoptosis, and inflammation. PRDX2 is widely expressed, with high levels in erythrocytes, and has been implicated in several diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | PRDX2 overexpression or underexpression modulates oxidative stress and apoptosis, influencing tumor progression and drug resistance. | COSMIC: PRDX2 mutations and expression changes observed in multiple cancer types; ClinVar: variants associated with cancer susceptibility. |
| Neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's, Parkinson's) | PRDX2 protects neurons from oxidative damage; altered expression may contribute to neurodegeneration. | UniProt: PRDX2 involved in oxidative stress response; OMIM: no direct link, but oxidative stress is a known factor. |
| Atherosclerosis | PRDX2 in endothelial cells reduces oxidative stress, preventing vascular damage. | NCBI Gene: PRDX2 expression in vascular tissues; literature evidence. |
| Inflammatory diseases | PRDX2 modulates NF-kB signaling and cytokine production, affecting inflammation. | UniProt: PRDX2 regulates redox-sensitive signaling pathways. |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Blood (erythrocytes) | High (nTPM ~ 1000) | High |
| Bone marrow | High (nTPM ~ 500) | High |
| Spleen | Medium (nTPM ~ 200) | Medium |
| Liver | Medium (nTPM ~ 150) | Medium |
| Brain | Low (nTPM ~ 50) | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K562 (leukemia) | High (nTPM ~ 800) | Erythroid lineage, high PRDX2 expression |
| HeLa (cervical cancer) | Medium (nTPM ~ 300) | Moderate expression |
| A549 (lung cancer) | Medium (nTPM ~ 250) | Moderate expression |
| HepG2 (liver cancer) | Low (nTPM ~ 100) | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.577C>T (p.Arg193Cys) | Missense | Rare (0.01% in gnomAD) | May affect enzyme activity and dimerization |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start codon loss | Very rare | Loss of protein expression |
| c.364G>A (p.Gly122Ser) | Missense | Not reported in large cohorts | Potential impact on catalytic activity |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations that reduce PRDX2 enzymatic activity or protein stability, leading to impaired antioxidant defense and increased oxidative stress.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No clear gain-of-function mutations reported; overexpression of wild-type PRDX2 may act as an oncogenic driver in some cancers.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Some missense mutations may interfere with dimerization, potentially acting in a dominant-negative manner, but evidence is limited.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Reactive oxygen species (ROS) degradation
• Cellular response to oxidative stress
• NF-kB signaling (regulation)
• Apoptosis regulation
Protein Summary
PRDX2 is a 198-amino acid protein (UniProt P32119) that functions as a peroxidase, reducing hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides. It contains two conserved cysteine residues (Cys51 and Cys172) that form a disulfide bond during catalysis, which is then reduced by thioredoxin. PRDX2 is highly expressed in erythrocytes, where it protects hemoglobin from oxidative damage. It also acts as a molecular chaperone under oxidative stress and regulates signaling pathways by modulating intracellular ROS levels. Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and hyperoxidation, regulate its activity. PRDX2 has been implicated in cancer, where its expression is often dysregulated, and in neurodegenerative diseases, where it protects neurons from oxidative injury.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRDX2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ11963 | Human | 7001 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRDX2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ40511 | Human | 7001 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRDX2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ40512 | Human | 7001 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRDX2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ40513 | Human | 7001 | Details Get a Quote |
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