PLAAT3 Gene (Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase 3)
Gene encoding a phospholipid-metabolizing enzyme with roles in adipogenesis, ferroptosis, and cancer
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PLAAT3 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase 3 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 11q12.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 11145 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/11145 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000149257 |
| UniProt ID | Q9UNK4 |
| OMIM ID | 607123 |
| HGNC ID | 17826 |
| Aliases | HRASLS3, H-REV107-1, PLA2G16, AdPLA, HREV107-1 |
Description
PLAAT3 (Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase 3) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 11q12.3. The encoded enzyme exhibits both phospholipase A1/A2 and acyltransferase activities, playing a key role in phospholipid metabolism. It is involved in adipogenesis, ferroptosis regulation, and has been implicated in several cancers. The gene is also known as HRASLS3, H-REV107-1, PLA2G16, and AdPLA.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Overexpression of PLAAT3 promotes tumor growth and metastasis through modulation of lipid signaling and ferroptosis resistance. | PMID: 30936463; COSMIC |
| Colorectal cancer | PLAAT3 upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and enhanced cell proliferation via phospholipid remodeling. | PMID: 31525674; COSMIC |
| Obesity / Adipose tissue dysfunction | PLAAT3 (AdPLA) is the major phospholipase A2 in adipose tissue; its deficiency reduces adipogenesis and protects against diet-induced obesity. | PMID: 19136964; OMIM 607123 |
| Ferroptosis-related disorders | PLAAT3 suppresses ferroptosis by reducing cellular phospholipid hydroperoxides, linking to neurodegenerative and ischemic conditions. | PMID: 33542149; ClinVar |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | 45.2 | High |
| Liver | 12.8 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.5 | Medium |
| Breast | 6.3 | Low |
| Colon | 5.1 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | 18.4 | Overexpressed compared to normal breast |
| HCT116 (colorectal cancer) | 14.7 | Moderate expression |
| HepG2 (liver cancer) | 9.2 | Basal expression |
| 3T3-L1 (adipocyte) | 52.1 | High during differentiation |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.215C>T (p.Pro72Leu) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown; rare population variant (gnomAD) |
| c.346G>A (p.Gly116Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Predicted damaging (SIFT, PolyPhen); not validated in disease |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Start loss | <0.01% | Likely loss of function; rare |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Start loss mutations (e.g., c.1A>G) and truncating variants are predicted to abolish enzyme activity, potentially impairing adipogenesis and ferroptosis suppression.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in PLAAT3; overexpression in cancer may mimic gain-of-function effects.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for PLAAT3.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • phospholipase A2 activity (GO:0004623) | • acyltransferase activity (GO:0016746) |
| • lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629) | • lipid catabolic process (GO:0016042) |
| • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) | • integral component of membrane (GO:0016021) |
Pathways
• Ferroptosis (Reactome: R-HSA-9648895)
• Phospholipid metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-1483206)
• Adipogenesis (WikiPathways: WP236)
Protein Summary
The PLAAT3 protein (UniProt Q9UNK4) is a 184-amino acid membrane-associated enzyme with dual phospholipase A1/A2 and acyltransferase activities. It localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. In adipose tissue, it functions as the major phospholipase A2 (AdPLA), regulating prostaglandin production and adipocyte differentiation. In cancer cells, PLAAT3 overexpression promotes resistance to ferroptosis by reducing phospholipid hydroperoxide levels, thereby supporting tumor growth. The protein contains a conserved HxxxD motif essential for catalytic activity.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLAAT3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1272 | Human | 11145 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLAAT3 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20650 | Human | 11145 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLAAT3 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20651 | Human | 11145 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLAAT3 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20652 | Human | 11145 | Details Get a Quote |
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