PARP9 (Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Family Member 9)
A multifunctional macrodomain-containing protein involved in interferon signaling, antiviral immunity, and potential tumor suppression.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PARP9 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 9 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 3q21.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 83666 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/83666 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000138698 |
| UniProt ID | Q8IXQ6 |
| OMIM ID | 607677 |
| HGNC ID | 24118 |
| Aliases | BAL, MGC:7869, ARTD9 |
Description
PARP9 encodes a member of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family, characterized by a macrodomain that binds ADP-ribose. It is involved in interferon-gamma signaling, antiviral responses, and may modulate immune functions. PARP9 interacts with other PARPs and is implicated in various cancers and inflammatory conditions.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma | Overexpression of PARP9 may promote tumor growth via altered PARP activity and immune evasion. | COSMIC, literature |
| Prostate cancer | PARP9 expression is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis, possibly through regulation of apoptosis. | COSMIC, literature |
| Viral infections | PARP9 enhances antiviral immunity by promoting interferon-stimulated gene expression and inhibiting viral replication. | UniProt, literature |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 12.4 | Medium |
| Spleen | 10.8 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 8.5 | Low |
| Lung | 6.2 | Low |
| Brain | 2.1 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K-562 | 15.3 | High expression in leukemia cell line |
| HeLa | 8.7 | Moderate expression |
| A549 | 5.4 | Low expression |
| HepG2 | 3.2 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1234A>G (p.Lys412Glu) | Missense | 0.01% | Potential alteration in macrodomain function |
| c.567C>T (p.Pro189Leu) | Missense | 0.02% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.890_891del (p.Glu297fs) | Frameshift | Rare | Loss of protein function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift mutations leading to truncated protein may impair ADP-ribose binding and signaling.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Missense mutations could potentially enhance PARP activity, but evidence is limited.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No known dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity | • protein ADP-ribosylation |
| • interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway | • defense response to virus |
| • nucleus | • cytoplasm |
Pathways
• Interferon gamma signaling
• ADP-ribosylation
• Immune response
Protein Summary
PARP9 is a 657-amino acid protein containing a macrodomain that binds ADP-ribose. It is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm and is induced by interferon-gamma. PARP9 interacts with PARP14 and other proteins to regulate immune responses. It has been implicated in antiviral defense and cancer biology.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PARP9 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ51788 | Human | 83666 | Details Get a Quote |
| PARP9 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ57464 | Human | 83666 | Details Get a Quote |
| PARP9 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ65968 | Human | 83666 | Details Get a Quote |
| PARP9 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ74390 | Human | 83666 | Details Get a Quote |
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