PALLD: Palladin, Cytoskeletal Associated Protein
A comprehensive resource on PALLD gene, its function, expression, mutations, and associated diseases.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PALLD |
|---|---|
| Full Name | palladin, cytoskeletal associated protein |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 4q32.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 23022 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/23022 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000129170 |
| UniProt ID | Q8WX93 |
| OMIM ID | 608092 |
| HGNC ID | 17068 |
| Aliases | CGI-151, FLJ11533, KIAA0992, MYH10-binding protein, palladin |
Description
PALLD encodes palladin, a cytoskeletal-associated protein that is essential for actin cytoskeleton organization, cell motility, and adhesion. It is involved in the assembly of actin filaments and interacts with various actin-binding proteins. Palladin is expressed in multiple tissues and is implicated in cancer progression, particularly pancreatic and breast cancers, as well as in certain developmental disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic cancer | Overexpression of PALLD promotes cell migration and invasion via actin remodeling | PMID: 19029981; COSMIC mutation data |
| Breast cancer | Altered expression correlates with tumor aggressiveness and metastasis | PMID: 21725361; ClinVar |
| Ovarian cancer | Upregulation associated with poor prognosis and cytoskeletal changes | PMID: 23382210 |
| Colorectal cancer | PALLD mutations and expression changes linked to tumor progression | COSMIC; PMID: 25686104 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Skeletal muscle | 48.2 | High |
| Heart | 35.1 | High |
| Lung | 22.8 | Medium |
| Pancreas | 18.5 | Medium |
| Breast | 12.3 | Low |
| Ovary | 10.7 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 25.4 | Cervical cancer cell line |
| MCF7 | 18.2 | Breast cancer cell line |
| PANC-1 | 32.1 | Pancreatic cancer cell line |
| A549 | 20.6 | Lung cancer cell line |
| OVCAR-3 | 15.8 | Ovarian cancer cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1234C>T (p.Arg412Cys) | Missense | 0.5% in COSMIC | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1567G>A (p.Gly523Ser) | Missense | 0.3% in COSMIC | Reported in pancreatic cancer |
| c.2101_2102insA (p.Thr701fs) | Frameshift | 0.1% in COSMIC | Loss of function predicted |
| c.789T>G (p.Tyr263*) | Nonsense | 0.05% in COSMIC | Loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Thr701fs, p.Tyr263*) are predicted to truncate the protein, leading to loss of actin-binding and cytoskeletal organization functions.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No well-characterized gain-of-function mutations are currently reported in COSMIC or ClinVar.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Missense mutations such as p.Arg412Cys may act in a dominant-negative manner by disrupting palladin interactions with actin-binding partners, though evidence is limited.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Actin cytoskeleton regulation (Reactome: R-HSA-5663222)
• Focal adhesion (KEGG: hsa04510)
• Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation (Reactome: R-HSA-2029485)
Protein Summary
Palladin is a 145 kDa protein (isoform 1) that contains multiple immunoglobulin-like domains and proline-rich regions. It localizes to actin stress fibers, focal adhesions, and lamellipodia. Palladin binds to actin, alpha-actinin, and other cytoskeletal proteins, regulating actin filament bundling and cell migration. Alternative splicing generates several isoforms with tissue-specific expression.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PALLD Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ2360 | Human | 23022 | Details Get a Quote |
| PALLD Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21480 | Human | 23022 | Details Get a Quote |
| PALLD Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ22800 | Human | 23022 | Details Get a Quote |
| PALLD Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ22801 | Human | 23022 | Details Get a Quote |
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