NOCT Gene (Nocturnin)
Circadian clock-regulated deadenylase involved in metabolic and post-transcriptional regulation
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | NOCT |
|---|---|
| Full Name | nocturnin |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 4q31.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 25806 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/25806 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000138614 |
| UniProt ID | Q9UK39 |
| OMIM ID | 609790 |
| HGNC ID | 14517 |
| Aliases | CCR4, Ccr4a, NOC, nocturnin |
Description
NOCT (nocturnin) encodes a circadian clock-regulated deadenylase that removes poly(A) tails from mRNA, thereby regulating mRNA stability and translation. It is highly expressed in the liver and other metabolic tissues, and its expression oscillates with a peak during the night. NOCT is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism, and its dysregulation has been linked to metabolic disorders and cancer.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Obesity | Altered deadenylase activity affects lipid metabolism and energy balance | PMID: 19057615 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | Circadian disruption of NOCT expression impairs glucose homeostasis | PMID: 23395176 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Overexpression of NOCT promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth | PMID: 25720963 |
| Colorectal Cancer | NOCT upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and metastasis | PMID: 29367604 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 28.5 | High |
| Adipose Tissue | 15.2 | Medium |
| Kidney | 12.8 | Medium |
| Heart | 8.1 | Low |
| Brain | 3.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 32.1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| 3T3-L1 | 18.7 | Adipocyte precursor cells |
| HEK293 | 9.5 | Embryonic kidney cells |
| HeLa | 6.2 | Cervical cancer cells |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1045C>T (p.Arg349*) | Nonsense | <0.01% | Loss of function; truncated protein |
| c.788A>G (p.Asn263Ser) | Missense | 0.02% | Unknown; predicted benign |
| c.1234G>A (p.Gly412Arg) | Missense | 0.01% | Unknown; predicted damaging |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense mutation p.Arg349* leads to premature termination and loss of deadenylase activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations reported in NOCT.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for NOCT.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening (GO:0000289) | • protein binding (GO:0005515) |
| • nucleus (GO:0005634) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
| • cytosol (GO:0005829) | • sarcomere (GO:0030017) |
| • metal ion binding (GO:0046872) |
Pathways
• Circadian rhythm pathway
• mRNA deadenylation pathway
• Insulin signaling pathway
Protein Summary
Nocturnin is a 431-amino acid protein belonging to the CCR4 family of deadenylases. It contains a conserved exonuclease domain (DEDD) that catalyzes the removal of poly(A) tails from mRNA. The protein is rhythmically expressed under circadian control, peaking at night. It plays a key role in post-transcriptional regulation of metabolic genes, influencing lipid storage, glucose metabolism, and cell proliferation. Nocturnin is predominantly cytoplasmic but can shuttle to the nucleus.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOCT Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ8246 | Human | 25819 | Details Get a Quote |
| NOCT Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ34171 | Human | 25819 | Details Get a Quote |
| NOCT Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ34172 | Human | 25819 | Details Get a Quote |
| NOCT Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32855 | Human | 25819 | Details Get a Quote |
