MSR1: Macrophage Scavenger Receptor 1
Key regulator of macrophage function, lipid metabolism, and innate immunity
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MSR1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | macrophage scavenger receptor 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 8p22 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4481 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4481 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000038945 |
| UniProt ID | P21757 |
| OMIM ID | 153622 |
| HGNC ID | 7376 |
| Aliases | CD204, SCARA1, SR-A, SR-AI, SR-AII, phSR1, phSR2 |
Description
MSR1 encodes the macrophage scavenger receptor types I and II, which are trimeric integral membrane glycoproteins. These receptors mediate the endocytosis of a broad range of negatively charged macromolecules, including modified low-density lipoproteins (LDL), apoptotic cells, and pathogens. MSR1 plays a critical role in macrophage function, foam cell formation in atherosclerosis, host defense, and clearance of cellular debris. Alternative splicing generates multiple transcript variants.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Atherosclerosis | MSR1 mediates uptake of oxidized LDL by macrophages, leading to foam cell formation and plaque development. | OMIM #153622; NCBI Gene; multiple association studies |
| Alzheimer disease | MSR1 may contribute to amyloid-beta clearance and neuroinflammation; polymorphisms associated with risk. | ClinVar; NCBI Gene; literature review |
| Prostate cancer | Loss-of-function variants in MSR1 have been associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. | OMIM #153622; COSMIC; ClinVar |
| Macrophage activation syndrome | Dysregulated MSR1 expression linked to excessive inflammatory responses. | NCBI Gene; literature |
| Infectious diseases (tuberculosis, malaria) | MSR1 acts as a pattern recognition receptor for microbial ligands, influencing host susceptibility. | UniProt; NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.3 | Medium |
| Spleen | 15.1 | High |
| Blood (whole) | 6.7 | Low |
| Brain | 2.1 | Low |
| Adipose tissue | 4.9 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| THP-1 (monocyte) | 18.2 | High expression after PMA differentiation |
| U937 (histiocytic lymphoma) | 14.5 | High expression after differentiation |
| HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) | 3.1 | Low expression |
| A549 (lung carcinoma) | 1.8 | Very low expression |
| MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma) | 0.9 | Not detected |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.877C>T (p.Arg293*) | Nonsense | Rare | Loss of function; associated with prostate cancer risk |
| c.1323_1324del (p.Arg442Glufs*2) | Frameshift | Rare | Loss of function; reported in prostate cancer |
| c.877C>A (p.Arg293Ser) | Missense | Rare | Unknown functional effect; reported in ClinVar |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Start loss | Rare | Likely loss of function; reported in ClinVar |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and frameshift mutations (e.g., p.Arg293*, p.Arg442Glufs*2) result in truncated or absent protein, reducing scavenger receptor activity and increasing susceptibility to prostate cancer.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in MSR1.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for MSR1.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Scavenger receptors in atherosclerosis (Reactome: R-HSA-3000471)
• Innate immune system (Reactome: R-HSA-168249)
• Endocytosis (Reactome: R-HSA-199991)
• Clearance of apoptotic cells (Reactome: R-HSA-3000480)
Protein Summary
MSR1 encodes a trimeric membrane glycoprotein (macrophage scavenger receptor) that binds a wide variety of ligands, including modified LDL, apoptotic cells, and bacterial components. The protein is composed of a cytoplasmic domain, a transmembrane region, and an extracellular domain containing a collagen-like region and a cysteine-rich domain. Alternative splicing produces two major isoforms (type I and type II) that differ in their C-terminal domains. MSR1 is primarily expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, where it mediates endocytosis, phagocytosis, and inflammatory signaling. It is implicated in atherosclerosis, Alzheimer disease, and cancer.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSR1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5245 | Human | 4481 | Details Get a Quote |
| MSR1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53906 | Human | 4481 | Details Get a Quote |
| MSR1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62398 | Human | 4481 | Details Get a Quote |
| MSR1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70866 | Human | 4481 | Details Get a Quote |
Displaying Records 1 To 4 Of 4 Records
