MGST2: Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 2
Key enzyme in leukotriene C4 synthesis and cellular redox regulation
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MGST2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 4q31.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4258 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4258 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100077 |
| UniProt ID | Q99735 |
| OMIM ID | 601733 |
| HGNC ID | 7062 |
| Aliases | GST2, LTC4S, MGST-II, MGC20533 |
Description
MGST2 encodes microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2, a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to leukotriene A4 to form leukotriene C4, a key mediator of inflammation. It also exhibits glutathione-dependent peroxidase activity and is involved in cellular detoxification and redox homeostasis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Asthma | MGST2 catalyzes LTC4 production; LTC4 is a bronchoconstrictor in asthma pathogenesis. | ClinVar; PMID: 10677320 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Altered MGST2 expression may modulate leukotriene levels in intestinal inflammation. | NCBI Gene; PMID: 15987758 |
| Cancer (various) | MGST2 overexpression linked to drug resistance and oxidative stress adaptation in tumors. | COSMIC; PMID: 21804562 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | High |
| Kidney | 8.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 6.1 | Medium |
| Small intestine | 5.4 | Medium |
| Heart | 2.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 15.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| A549 | 9.7 | Lung adenocarcinoma cell line |
| HEK293 | 7.4 | Embryonic kidney cells |
| K562 | 4.1 | Chronic myeloid leukemia cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.112G>A (p.Gly38Arg) | Missense | <0.1% | Reduced catalytic activity in vitro |
| c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown functional effect |
| c.319A>G (p.Ile107Val) | Missense | 0.2% | Likely benign |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
p.Gly38Arg reduces LTC4 synthase activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described for MGST2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Leukotriene C4 synthesis (Reactome: R-HSA-2142696)
• Glutathione conjugation (Reactome: R-HSA-156590)
• Arachidonic acid metabolism (KEGG: hsa00590)
Protein Summary
MGST2 is a 17 kDa integral membrane protein belonging to the MAPEG (membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism) family. It forms homotrimers and catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to leukotriene A4, producing leukotriene C4. The enzyme also reduces lipid hydroperoxides, contributing to antioxidant defense. MGST2 is expressed in liver, kidney, lung, and intestine, and its dysregulation is implicated in inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MGST2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5210 | Human | 4258 | Details Get a Quote |
| MGST2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ28214 | Human | 4258 | Details Get a Quote |
| MGST2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ28215 | Human | 4258 | Details Get a Quote |
| MGST2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ28216 | Human | 4258 | Details Get a Quote |
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