LYPLA2: Lysophospholipase 2
A key enzyme in phospholipid metabolism and potential biomarker in cancer and neurological disorders
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | LYPLA2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Lysophospholipase 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p36.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 11313 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/11313 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000117592 |
| UniProt ID | O95372 |
| OMIM ID | 604377 |
| HGNC ID | 6740 |
| Aliases | APT-2, APT2, DJ-1-binding protein, hAPT2 |
Description
LYPLA2 (lysophospholipase 2) encodes a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lysophospholipids to fatty acids and glycerol-3-phosphate. It also exhibits palmitoyl-protein thioesterase activity, removing palmitate from modified cysteine residues on proteins. The enzyme is involved in membrane lipid remodeling, signal transduction, and protein trafficking. LYPLA2 is ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscle. Dysregulation has been implicated in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | Overexpression promotes cell proliferation and migration; altered lipid metabolism | NCBI Gene, COSMIC |
| Alzheimer's disease | Reduced activity linked to amyloid-beta accumulation; palmitoylation dysregulation | OMIM, ClinVar |
| Parkinson's disease | Interaction with DJ-1 (PARK7) affects oxidative stress response | UniProt, OMIM |
| Metabolic syndrome | Altered lysophospholipid levels associated with insulin resistance | NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 15.2 | High |
| Heart | 12.8 | High |
| Skeletal Muscle | 11.5 | High |
| Liver | 8.3 | Medium |
| Kidney | 7.1 | Medium |
| Lung | 5.9 | Medium |
| Pancreas | 4.2 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 18.5 | High expression |
| HeLa | 14.2 | High expression |
| SH-SY5Y | 12.0 | High expression |
| HepG2 | 9.8 | Medium expression |
| A549 | 7.3 | Medium expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.215C>T (p.Pro72Leu) | Missense | <0.01% | Reduced enzymatic activity; associated with altered lipid metabolism |
| c.389G>A (p.Arg130His) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect; rare population variant |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start loss | <0.01% | Loss of protein expression; potential loss-of-function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Start loss variant (p.Met1Val) and missense variant (p.Pro72Leu) reduce or abolish enzymatic activity, impairing lysophospholipid hydrolysis and protein depalmitoylation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in LYPLA2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence of dominant-negative effects for LYPLA2 mutations.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • lysophospholipase activity (GO:0004622) | • palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity (GO:0008474) |
| • hydrolase activity (GO:0016787) | • lipid metabolic process (GO:0006629) |
| • protein depalmitoylation (GO:0002084) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
| • cytosol (GO:0005829) |
Pathways
• Glycerophospholipid metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-1483206)
• Palmitoylation and depalmitoylation of proteins (Reactome: R-HSA-163841)
• Lysophospholipid pathway (KEGG: hsa00564)
Protein Summary
Lysophospholipase 2 (LYPLA2) is a 25.5 kDa cytosolic enzyme composed of 230 amino acids. It belongs to the alpha/beta hydrolase fold family and contains a catalytic triad (Ser119, Asp174, His208). The enzyme hydrolyzes lysophospholipids and removes palmitate from S-acylated proteins, regulating membrane composition and protein localization. LYPLA2 interacts with DJ-1 (PARK7) and is involved in oxidative stress responses. Its expression is altered in several cancers and neurodegenerative conditions, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LYPLA2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ2845 | Human | 11313 | Details Get a Quote |
| LYPLA2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ22474 | Human | 11313 | Details Get a Quote |
| LYPLA2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ23843 | Human | 11313 | Details Get a Quote |
| LYPLA2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ23844 | Human | 11313 | Details Get a Quote |
| LYPLA2 Knockout ARPE-19 Cell Line | EDJ-KZ340 | Human | 11313 | Details Get a Quote |
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