LIPF: Gastric Lipase Gene
Key enzyme in dietary fat digestion and associated gastric disorders
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | LIPF |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Lipase F, Gastric Type |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 10q23.31 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 8513 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8513 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000138107 |
| UniProt ID | P07098 |
| OMIM ID | 601980 |
| HGNC ID | 6622 |
| Aliases | HGL, HLAL, LIPF_HUMAN |
Description
The LIPF gene encodes gastric lipase, an enzyme secreted by chief cells in the gastric mucosa. It catalyzes the initial hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides into diglycerides and free fatty acids in the acidic environment of the stomach. This enzyme is essential for efficient fat digestion, particularly in neonates and individuals with pancreatic insufficiency. LIPF expression is regulated by nutritional status and hormones, and its deficiency or dysregulation is linked to metabolic disorders and gastric pathologies.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Gastric lipase deficiency | Loss-of-function mutations in LIPF reduce enzymatic activity, impairing fat digestion and leading to steatorrhea and malabsorption. | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Obesity | Reduced LIPF expression or activity may alter lipid absorption and energy balance, contributing to obesity risk. | NCBI Gene, PubMed |
| Gastric cancer | Aberrant LIPF methylation and downregulation are observed in gastric adenocarcinoma, potentially affecting lipid metabolism in tumor cells. | COSMIC, PubMed |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Stomach | 65.2 | High |
| Esophagus | 3.1 | Low |
| Duodenum | 2.5 | Low |
| Pancreas | 1.8 | Low |
| Liver | 0.5 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| MKN45 (gastric cancer) | 12.4 | Moderate expression |
| AGS (gastric adenocarcinoma) | 8.7 | Moderate expression |
| HepG2 (hepatocellular) | 0.3 | Not detected |
| Caco-2 (colorectal) | 1.1 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.331C>T (p.Arg111*) | Nonsense | <0.01% | Premature stop codon; loss of function |
| c.572G>A (p.Arg191His | Missense | 0.02% | Reduced catalytic activity |
| c.1045C>T (p.Arg349Trp) | Missense | 0.01% | Impaired secretion and stability |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and missense mutations (e.g., p.Arg111*, p.Arg191His) that reduce or abolish enzymatic activity, leading to gastric lipase deficiency.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No documented gain-of-function mutations in LIPF.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence of dominant-negative effects for LIPF mutations.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • triglyceride lipase activity (GO:0004806) | • lipid catabolic process (GO:0016042) |
| • extracellular region (GO:0005576) | • Golgi apparatus (GO:0005794) |
| • plasma membrane (GO:0005886) |
Pathways
• REACT:1483251 - Triglyceride digestion
• REACT:111045 - Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins
Protein Summary
Gastric lipase (UniProt P07098) is a 398-amino acid glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 45 kDa. It belongs to the lipase family and is stable and active at acidic pH (optimum pH 3–6). The enzyme contains a catalytic triad (Ser153, Asp204, His353) and a lid domain that regulates substrate access. It is secreted as a monomer and binds to lipid droplets in the stomach, initiating fat digestion. Post-translational modifications include N-glycosylation at Asn15, Asn80, and Asn308, which are critical for secretion and activity.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LIPF Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ6264 | Human | 8513 | Details Get a Quote |
| LIPF Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54925 | Human | 8513 | Details Get a Quote |
| LIPF Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63411 | Human | 8513 | Details Get a Quote |
| LIPF Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71876 | Human | 8513 | Details Get a Quote |
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