GRM7: Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 7
A key modulator of synaptic transmission and neuropsychiatric disorders
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GRM7 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Glutamate Metabotropic Receptor 7 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 3p26.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2917 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2917 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000196277 |
| UniProt ID | Q14831 |
| OMIM ID | 604101 |
| HGNC ID | 4599 |
| Aliases | GLUR7, GPRC1G, MGLUR7, mGlu7 |
Description
GRM7 encodes the metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7), a G-protein-coupled receptor that negatively modulates presynaptic glutamate release. It is widely expressed in the central nervous system and implicated in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Variants in GRM7 are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, and major depressive disorder.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Autism spectrum disorder | Loss-of-function variants impair synaptic glutamate regulation | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Intellectual disability | Homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations disrupt receptor signaling | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Major depressive disorder | Altered GRM7 expression affects glutamatergic neurotransmission | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Bipolar disorder | Genetic association studies link GRM7 polymorphisms to disease risk | OMIM, NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain - cerebellum | 12.5 | Medium |
| Brain - cortex | 15.2 | Medium |
| Brain - hippocampus | 18.7 | High |
| Brain - amygdala | 14.1 | Medium |
| Testis | 2.3 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 8.9 | Neuronal model |
| U-87 MG (glioblastoma) | 6.4 | Glial origin |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.5 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1973G>A (p.Arg658His) | Missense | Rare | Reduced receptor activity; associated with intellectual disability |
| c.2311C>T (p.Arg771Trp) | Missense | Rare | Impaired G-protein coupling; linked to autism |
| c.1267C>T (p.Arg423Ter) | Nonsense | Very rare | Loss of function; severe neurodevelopmental phenotype |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and missense variants that reduce receptor expression or signaling (e.g., p.Arg423Ter, p.Arg658His)
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; no confirmed gain-of-function variants in GRM7
Dominant Negative (DN)
Potential dominant-negative effects reported for some missense variants (e.g., p.Arg771Trp) in heterozygotes
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • glutamate receptor activity |
| • presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission | • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| • synaptic transmission | • glutamatergic |
| • plasma membrane |
Pathways
• Glutamatergic synapse (KEGG: hsa04724)
• Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction (KEGG: hsa04080)
• cAMP signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04024)
Protein Summary
The GRM7 protein (mGluR7) is a 915-amino-acid G-protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It functions as a presynaptic autoreceptor that inhibits glutamate release via Gi/o-mediated reduction of cAMP. mGluR7 is highly conserved and predominantly expressed in the brain, particularly in hippocampus and cortex. Its C-terminal domain interacts with intracellular scaffolding proteins to modulate receptor trafficking and signaling.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GRM7 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1070 | Human | 2917 | Details Get a Quote |
| GRM7 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53441 | Human | 2917 | Details Get a Quote |
| GRM7 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61915 | Human | 2917 | Details Get a Quote |
| GRM7 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70395 | Human | 2917 | Details Get a Quote |
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