GPR55
G protein-coupled receptor 55
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GPR55 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | G protein-coupled receptor 55 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 2q37.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 9290 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9290 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000135898 |
| UniProt ID | Q9Y2T6 |
| OMIM ID | 604527 |
| HGNC ID | 4511 |
| Aliases | LPIR1, MGC119006 |
Description
GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and certain cannabinoid ligands. It is involved in calcium signaling, cell proliferation, and migration. GPR55 is expressed in various tissues including brain, immune cells, and cancer cell lines, and has been implicated in inflammatory pain, bone metabolism, and tumor progression.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various) | GPR55 activation promotes cell proliferation and migration via MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways | PMID: 20876732 |
| Inflammatory pain | GPR55 mediates nociception through LPI signaling in dorsal root ganglia | PMID: 20584909 |
| Osteoporosis | GPR55 regulates osteoclast formation and bone resorption | PMID: 20448177 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 2.1 | Low |
| Liver | 0.8 | Not detected |
| Spleen | 3.5 | Medium |
| Lung | 1.2 | Low |
| Testis | 4.0 | Medium |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 5.2 | Overexpressed in recombinant systems |
| SH-SY5Y | 3.8 | Endogenous expression |
| MCF7 | 6.1 | High expression in breast cancer line |
| PC3 | 4.5 | Prostate cancer line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.481C>T (p.Arg161Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1000G>A (p.Val334Ile) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function variants reported in ClinVar or COSMIC.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function variants reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative variants described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
• Lysophospholipid signaling (KEGG: hsa04080)
• MAPK signaling (KEGG: hsa04010)
Protein Summary
GPR55 is a 319-amino acid integral membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains typical of class A GPCRs. It couples to Gα12/13 and Gαq proteins, leading to RhoA activation and calcium mobilization. The receptor is N-glycosylated and localizes to the plasma membrane. Its endogenous ligand is LPI, and it also interacts with certain cannabinoids like O-1602 and abnormal cannabidiol.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPR55 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ6534 | Human | 9290 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR55 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ55122 | Human | 9290 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR55 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63601 | Human | 9290 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR55 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ72066 | Human | 9290 | Details Get a Quote |
