GPR22: G Protein-Coupled Receptor 22
Orphan GPCR with potential roles in cardiovascular and neurological function
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GPR22 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | G protein-coupled receptor 22 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 7q22.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2845 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2845 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000172209 |
| UniProt ID | Q99680 |
| OMIM ID | 601910 |
| HGNC ID | 4482 |
| Aliases | GPCR22, MGC138499 |
Description
GPR22 is an intronless gene encoding a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) of the class A rhodopsin-like family. It is an orphan receptor, meaning its endogenous ligand is not yet identified. GPR22 is predominantly expressed in the brain and heart, and has been implicated in blood pressure regulation and neuroprotection. The gene is located on chromosome 7q22.3 and spans approximately 1.5 kb.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Hypertension | Potential role in blood pressure regulation via G protein signaling; Gpr22 knockout mice show altered cardiovascular responses. | Mouse model studies (PMID: 17901217) |
| Heart failure | Gpr22 deficiency in mice leads to reduced cardiac contractility and increased susceptibility to heart failure. | Mouse model studies (PMID: 17901217) |
| Neurological disorders | Expression in brain regions suggests possible involvement in neuropsychiatric conditions; limited direct evidence. | Expression data from GTEx and Allen Brain Atlas |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain (cerebellum) | 12.5 | Medium |
| Brain (cortex) | 10.2 | Medium |
| Heart (left ventricle) | 8.7 | Low |
| Heart (atrial appendage) | 7.3 | Low |
| Testis | 5.1 | Low |
| Adrenal gland | 4.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 6.2 | Neuronal model |
| SK-N-SH (neuroblastoma) | 5.9 | Neuronal model |
| H9c2 (cardiomyoblast) | 4.5 | Cardiac model |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 1.2 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | <0.01% | Potential start codon loss; effect unknown |
| c.100C>T (p.Arg34Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Rare variant; functional impact not characterized |
| c.200G>A (p.Arg67His) | Missense | <0.01% | Rare variant; functional impact not characterized |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function mutations reported in ClinVar or COSMIC.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence of dominant-negative effects.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930) | • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186) |
| • plasma membrane (GO:0005886) | • integral component of membrane (GO:0016021) |
Pathways
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-372790)
• Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (Reactome: R-HSA-373076)
Protein Summary
GPR22 is a 377-amino acid orphan GPCR with seven transmembrane domains. It shares sequence similarity with other class A GPCRs but lacks a known endogenous ligand. The protein is predicted to couple to G proteins, though the specific Gα subtype is unclear. Expression is highest in brain and heart, suggesting roles in neuronal signaling and cardiovascular regulation. No crystal structure is available; functional studies rely on heterologous expression systems.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPR22 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4765 | Human | 2845 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR22 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53398 | Human | 2845 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR22 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61875 | Human | 2845 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR22 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70356 | Human | 2845 | Details Get a Quote |
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