FYN Gene: Structure, Function, and Clinical Significance
A comprehensive overview of the FYN proto-oncogene, a Src family tyrosine kinase involved in cell signaling, cancer, and neurological disorders.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | FYN |
|---|---|
| Full Name | FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 6q21 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2534 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2534 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000110848 |
| UniProt ID | P06241 |
| OMIM ID | 137025 |
| HGNC ID | 4037 |
| Aliases | SLK, SYN, p59-FYN |
Description
The FYN gene encodes a non-receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the Src family. It is involved in various cellular processes including cell growth, adhesion, and immune signaling. FYN is expressed in multiple tissues, with high levels in the brain, and plays roles in T-cell receptor signaling and neuronal function. Aberrant FYN activity has been linked to cancers and neurodegenerative diseases.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Prostate Cancer | FYN overexpression and activation promote tumor progression and metastasis | Multiple studies (e.g., PMID: 23455172) show elevated FYN in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines |
| Glioblastoma | FYN signaling contributes to cell migration and invasion | COSMIC and literature reports indicate FYN alterations in glioblastoma |
| Alzheimer's Disease | FYN phosphorylates tau protein, contributing to neurofibrillary tangles | Evidence from animal models and human brain studies (e.g., PMID: 21867817) |
| T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) | FYN mutations or overexpression enhance T-cell signaling | COSMIC lists FYN mutations in T-ALL samples |
| Melanoma | FYN activation promotes cell survival and proliferation | Studies show FYN is overexpressed in melanoma cell lines (e.g., PMID: 21317931) |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | High | nTPM ~ 50-100 (varies by region) |
| Lymphoid tissues | Moderate | nTPM ~ 20-40 |
| Lung | Low | nTPM ~ 10-20 |
| Liver | Low | nTPM ~ 5-10 |
| Kidney | Low | nTPM ~ 5-10 |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K-562 (leukemia) | High | nTPM ~ 80 |
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | Moderate | nTPM ~ 30 |
| A549 (lung cancer) | Low | nTPM ~ 15 |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | Moderate | nTPM ~ 25 |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| p.Leu174Phe | Missense | Rare (<0.1%) | Potential gain-of-function in kinase activity |
| p.Arg176Cys | Missense | Rare (<0.1%) | Unknown functional effect |
| p.Thr343Met | Missense | Rare (<0.1%) | May affect kinase domain stability |
| p.Pro250Leu | Missense | Rare (<0.1%) | Reported in cancer samples (COSMIC) |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Not well documented; some mutations may reduce kinase activity but no clear loss-of-function phenotype.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Several missense mutations in the kinase domain are predicted to increase activity, promoting oncogenic signaling.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not reported for FYN.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • protein tyrosine kinase activity | • ATP binding |
| • signal transduction | • cell adhesion |
| • T cell receptor signaling pathway | • neuron projection development |
Pathways
• T cell receptor signaling pathway
• Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
• Neurotrophin signaling pathway
• Integrin signaling pathway
• ErbB signaling pathway
Protein Summary
FYN is a 59 kDa non-receptor tyrosine kinase that localizes to the plasma membrane via myristoylation and palmitoylation. It contains SH3, SH2, and kinase domains. FYN is activated by dephosphorylation of a C-terminal inhibitory tyrosine (Y531) and autophosphorylation of Y420. It interacts with multiple adaptor proteins and receptors, regulating cytoskeletal dynamics, cell survival, and differentiation. In the brain, FYN modulates NMDA receptor function and tau phosphorylation.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FYN Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ17821 | Human | 2534 | Details Get a Quote |
| FYN Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21526 | Human | 2534 | Details Get a Quote |
| FYN Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21527 | Human | 2534 | Details Get a Quote |
| FYN Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21528 | Human | 2534 | Details Get a Quote |
Displaying Records 1 To 4 Of 4 Records
