FGG Gene - Fibrinogen Gamma Chain
Essential coagulation factor; mutations cause dysfibrinogenemia and hypofibrinogenemia
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | FGG |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Fibrinogen Gamma Chain |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 4q31.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2266 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2266 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000171557 |
| UniProt ID | P02679 |
| OMIM ID | 134850 |
| HGNC ID | 3654 |
| Aliases | FGG, fibrinogen gamma polypeptide |
Description
The FGG gene encodes the gamma chain of fibrinogen, a plasma glycoprotein essential for blood coagulation. Fibrinogen is a hexamer composed of two sets of three chains (Aα, Bβ, γ). The gamma chain mediates platelet aggregation and fibrin cross-linking. Mutations in FGG cause congenital dysfibrinogenemia and hypofibrinogenemia, leading to bleeding or thrombotic disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Dysfibrinogenemia, congenital | Missense mutations impair fibrin polymerization or cross-linking | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Hypofibrinogenemia, congenital | Nonsense or frameshift mutations reduce fibrinogen production | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Thrombosis, susceptibility to | Gain-of-function mutations (e.g., FGG 10034C>T) increase clot stability | OMIM, PubMed |
| Amyloidosis, hereditary renal | Fibrinogen gamma chain deposition in kidneys due to specific mutations | OMIM |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 1000.0 | High |
| Plasma | 800.0 | High |
| Blood | 600.0 | High |
| Bone Marrow | 50.0 | Low |
| Spleen | 30.0 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 1200.0 | Hepatocyte cell line |
| Huh-7 | 1100.0 | Hepatocyte cell line |
| K-562 | 10.0 | Myelogenous leukemia |
| HeLa | 5.0 | Cervical carcinoma |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.10034C>T (p.Arg301Cys) | Missense | Rare | Gain-of-function; increased clot stability |
| c.901C>T (p.Arg301Trp) | Missense | Rare | Dysfibrinogenemia; impaired polymerization |
| c.1129G>A (p.Gly377Ser) | Missense | Rare | Hypofibrinogenemia; reduced secretion |
| c.1244_1245insT (p.Leu415Phefs*12) | Frameshift | Very rare | Null allele; hypofibrinogenemia |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense, frameshift, and splice-site mutations that reduce or abolish fibrinogen gamma chain production, causing hypofibrinogenemia.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Missense mutations (e.g., p.Arg301Cys) that enhance fibrin cross-linking and increase thrombotic risk.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Missense mutations that produce abnormal gamma chains interfering with hexamer assembly and secretion, leading to dysfibrinogenemia.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• KEGG hsa04610 – Complement and coagulation cascades
• Reactome R-HSA-140877 – Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade)
• Reactome R-HSA-114608 – Platelet degranulation
Protein Summary
Fibrinogen gamma chain (UniProt P02679) is a 437-amino acid protein that forms the C-terminal portion of the fibrinogen hexamer. It contains a coiled-coil domain and a globular C-terminal domain involved in fibrin polymerization and platelet binding via integrin αIIbβ3. Post-translational modifications include glycosylation and cross-linking by factor XIIIa. The gamma chain is essential for clot formation and wound healing.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FGG Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4591 | Human | 2266 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGGY Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ13477 | Human | 55277 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGGY Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ43069 | Human | 55277 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGGY Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ43070 | Human | 55277 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGG Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ27253 | Human | 2266 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGGY Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ41817 | Human | 55277 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGG Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53232 | Human | 2266 | Details Get a Quote |
| FGG Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70197 | Human | 2266 | Details Get a Quote |
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