CXCR5: C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 5
A key regulator of B cell migration and lymphoid follicle organization
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CXCR5 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 5 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 11q23.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 643 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/643 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000160691 |
| UniProt ID | P32302 |
| OMIM ID | 601613 |
| HGNC ID | 1060 |
| Aliases | BLR1, MDR15, CD185 |
Description
CXCR5 encodes a G protein-coupled receptor for the chemokine CXCL13. It is primarily expressed on mature B cells, follicular helper T cells, and subsets of dendritic cells. CXCR5 directs cell migration to lymphoid follicles and germinal centers, playing a critical role in B cell homing, antibody production, and immune surveillance. Dysregulation of CXCR5 is implicated in B cell malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and HIV pathogenesis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Burkitt lymphoma | CXCR5 overexpression promotes B cell proliferation and survival via CXCL13 signaling | PMID: 10523647 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | CXCR5+ T cells accumulate in inflamed synovium, driving autoantibody production | PMID: 25964301 |
| HIV infection | CXCR5 acts as a co-receptor for HIV-1 entry into CD4+ T cells | PMID: 8649510 |
| Multiple sclerosis | CXCR5+ B cells in CSF contribute to intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis | PMID: 21300870 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 45.2 | High |
| Spleen | 38.7 | High |
| Tonsil | 52.1 | High |
| Bone marrow | 12.3 | Medium |
| Blood | 8.9 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Raji (Burkitt lymphoma) | 62.4 | B cell line |
| Daudi (Burkitt lymphoma) | 58.1 | B cell line |
| Jurkat (T cell leukemia) | 1.2 | T cell line, low expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.8 | Non-hematopoietic control |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1015C>T (p.Arg339Cys) | Missense | 0.02% | Impaired CXCL13 binding and signaling |
| c.124G>A (p.Gly42Ser) | Missense | 0.01% | Reduced cell surface expression |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start loss | <0.01% | Loss of protein expression |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Missense variants (e.g., p.Arg339Cys) impair ligand binding and receptor activation, reducing B cell chemotaxis.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; overexpression in lymphoma is associated with enhanced proliferation but not activating mutations.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations reported for CXCR5.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • C-X-C chemokine receptor activity |
| • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway | • positive regulation of B cell proliferation |
| • cell chemotaxis | • germinal center formation |
Pathways
• Chemokine signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04062)
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (KEGG: hsa04060)
• B cell receptor signaling pathway (Reactome: R-HSA-983695)
Protein Summary
CXCR5 is a 372-amino acid transmembrane protein with seven helical domains. It binds exclusively to CXCL13, triggering Gαi-mediated signaling cascades that activate PI3K, MAPK, and Rho GTPases. The receptor is essential for B cell trafficking to lymphoid follicles and for the formation of germinal centers. Its expression is tightly regulated during B cell development and is lost upon plasma cell differentiation.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CXCR5 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50156 | Human | 643 | Details Get a Quote |
| CXCR5 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ52722 | Human | 643 | Details Get a Quote |
| CXCR5 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61193 | Human | 643 | Details Get a Quote |
| CXCR5 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ69685 | Human | 643 | Details Get a Quote |
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