CAPRIN1 Gene - Cell Cycle Associated Protein 1 | Function, Mutations & Disease

CAPRIN1 (Cell Cycle Associated Protein 1) encodes a ubiquitously expressed RNA-binding protein that shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm. It plays key roles in stress granule assembly, mRNA transport, translation regulation, and cell cycle progression. CAPRIN1 interacts with G3BP1/2 to form stress granules under cellular stress and is implicated in cancer cell proliferation, immune responses, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Tissue Expression

Cell Line Expression

Hotspot Mutations

Mutation functional classification

• Stress granule formation (Reactome: R-HSA-9634638)

• Regulation of mRNA stability by RNA-binding proteins (Reactome: R-HSA-8953854)

• Influenza A - NS1-mediated suppression of host immune response (KEGG: hsa05164)

CAPRIN1 is a 709-amino acid RNA-binding protein containing an N-terminal acidic domain, a central coiled-coil region, and a C-terminal RGG-rich domain. It shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm, binds to specific mRNAs (e.g., c-Myc, Cyclin D1), and promotes their translation. Under stress, CAPRIN1 relocalizes to cytoplasmic stress granules via interaction with G3BP1. It also modulates interferon signaling by sequestering antiviral mRNAs. Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation and arginine methylation, which regulate its subcellular localization and function.