AZU1 Gene (Azurocidin 1)
Neutrophil granule protein with antimicrobial and chemotactic functions
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | AZU1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Azurocidin 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19p13.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 566 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/566 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000104814 |
| UniProt ID | P20160 |
| OMIM ID | 162815 |
| HGNC ID | 914 |
| Aliases | AZU, HBP, CAP37, hCAP-37 |
Description
AZU1 encodes azurocidin 1, a serine protease homolog stored in azurophil granules of neutrophils. It lacks enzymatic activity due to mutations in the catalytic triad but retains antimicrobial and chemotactic properties, playing a role in innate immunity and inflammation.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | Increased AZU1 expression contributes to airway inflammation and tissue remodeling | PMID: 23454791 |
| Sepsis | AZU1 (HBP) is released during neutrophil activation and induces vascular leakage | PMID: 25751728 |
| Cystic fibrosis | Elevated AZU1 levels in sputum correlate with neutrophil-dominated inflammation | PMID: 19741026 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow | nTPM: 112.3 | High |
| Spleen | nTPM: 8.7 | Low |
| Lung | nTPM: 5.2 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HL-60 (promyeloblast) | nTPM: 245.6 | Differentiated to neutrophil-like cells |
| U937 (monocyte) | nTPM: 12.1 | Low expression |
| THP-1 (monocyte) | nTPM: 8.4 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.274G>A (p.Gly92Ser) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.485C>T (p.Pro162Leu) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No well-characterized loss-of-function mutations reported in AZU1.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Innate immune system (Reactome: R-HSA-168249)
• Neutrophil degranulation (Reactome: R-HSA-6798695)
Protein Summary
Azurocidin 1 (also known as heparin-binding protein, HBP) is a 29 kDa glycoprotein stored in neutrophil azurophil granules. It is released upon neutrophil activation and exerts antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. It also acts as a chemoattractant for monocytes and macrophages, and induces vascular permeability, contributing to inflammatory responses.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AZU1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50147 | Human | 566 | Details Get a Quote |
| AZU1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ52703 | Human | 566 | Details Get a Quote |
| AZU1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61174 | Human | 566 | Details Get a Quote |
| AZU1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ69662 | Human | 566 | Details Get a Quote |
