ARPC3: Actin-Related Protein 2/3 Complex Subunit 3
Essential component of the ARP2/3 complex, regulating actin nucleation and branching in cellular motility and structure.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | ARPC3 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Actin Related Protein 2/3 Complex Subunit 3 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 12q24.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 10095 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10095 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000111229 |
| UniProt ID | O15145 |
| OMIM ID | 604225 |
| HGNC ID | 706 |
| Aliases | ARC21, p21-ARC, ARPC3 |
Description
ARPC3 encodes a 21 kDa subunit of the actin-related protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex, which is essential for actin filament nucleation and branching. The ARP2/3 complex, composed of seven subunits (ARPC1-5, ACTR2, ACTR3), is activated by WASP/WAVE family proteins and plays a critical role in cell motility, endocytosis, and cytokinesis. ARPC3 directly contributes to complex stability and actin binding.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Immunodeficiency 69 | Loss-of-function mutations in ARPC3 impair ARP2/3 complex assembly, leading to defective T-cell migration and immune synapse formation. | OMIM #618463 |
| Colorectal cancer | Overexpression of ARPC3 is associated with increased cell migration and invasion via enhanced actin polymerization. | COSMIC; PMID: 29056339 |
| Breast cancer | ARPC3 upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and metastatic potential in breast cancer cell lines. | NCBI Gene; PMID: 25609683 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 22.5 | High |
| Spleen | 20.1 | High |
| Bone marrow | 18.3 | High |
| Lung | 12.4 | Medium |
| Brain | 6.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 25.3 | Cervical cancer cell line |
| K562 | 22.1 | Leukemia cell line |
| A549 | 18.7 | Lung cancer cell line |
| MCF7 | 15.2 | Breast cancer cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | Rare | Loss of start codon, likely loss of function |
| c.148C>T (p.Arg50*) | Nonsense | Rare | Premature stop, loss of function |
| c.287G>A (p.Arg96Gln) | Missense | 0.01% | Impaired complex assembly |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and frameshift mutations (e.g., p.Arg50*) lead to truncated protein and loss of ARP2/3 complex activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not reported in ARPC3.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Missense mutations (e.g., p.Arg96Gln) may disrupt complex assembly without complete loss.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • Actin filament polymerization | • Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation |
| • Cell motility | • Cytoskeleton organization |
| • Protein binding |
Pathways
• Regulation of actin cytoskeleton (KEGG: hsa04810)
• Arp2/3 complex signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-201681)
Protein Summary
ARPC3 is a 178-amino-acid protein (21 kDa) that forms part of the ARP2/3 complex. It contains a WD40-like domain and is essential for complex integrity. The protein localizes to the leading edge of migrating cells and interacts with actin filaments to promote branched actin networks.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARPC3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50929 | Human | 10094 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARPC3 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ55316 | Human | 10094 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARPC3 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63800 | Human | 10094 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARPC3 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ72258 | Human | 10094 | Details Get a Quote |
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