ARRB2 Gene - Beta-Arrestin 2
Key regulator of G protein-coupled receptor signaling and cellular trafficking
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | ARRB2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Arrestin Beta 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 17p13.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 409 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/409 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000141480 |
| UniProt ID | P32121 |
| OMIM ID | 107940 |
| HGNC ID | 711 |
| Aliases | ARR2, ARRESTIN2, BARR2 |
Description
The ARRB2 gene encodes beta-arrestin 2, a member of the arrestin family that regulates G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization, internalization, and signaling. Beta-arrestin 2 also scaffolds signaling complexes and modulates non-GPCR pathways, influencing cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular diseases | Beta-arrestin 2 modulates GPCR signaling in heart and vessels, affecting cardiac contractility and blood pressure regulation. | PMID: 25609768 |
| Cancer (various) | Altered ARRB2 expression influences tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance via GPCR and non-GPCR pathways. | PMID: 29348627 |
| Neuropsychiatric disorders | Beta-arrestin 2 regulates dopamine and opioid receptor signaling, implicated in schizophrenia and addiction. | PMID: 21307846 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 18.5 | Medium |
| Heart | 12.3 | Medium |
| Liver | 6.7 | Low |
| Lung | 15.2 | Medium |
| Kidney | 9.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 22.1 | High expression |
| HeLa | 14.5 | Medium expression |
| A549 | 11.3 | Medium expression |
| MCF7 | 8.9 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.112G>A (p.Val38Ile) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.413C>T (p.Pro138Leu) | Missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of function |
| c.784A>G (p.Thr262Ala) | Missense | <0.01% | Altered receptor binding |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare missense variants may impair beta-arrestin 2 interaction with GPCRs, reducing desensitization.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; some variants may enhance scaffolding functions.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No confirmed dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • GO:0002031: G protein-coupled receptor internalization | • GO:0002032: desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway |
| • GO:0031625: ubiquitin protein ligase binding | • GO:0042802: identical protein binding |
| • GO:0005515: protein binding |
Pathways
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
• Beta-arrestin signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-416476)
• Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) (Reactome: R-HSA-373076)
Protein Summary
Beta-arrestin 2 is a 410-amino acid protein that binds phosphorylated GPCRs, sterically blocking G protein coupling and recruiting clathrin and AP-2 for receptor internalization. It also serves as a scaffold for MAPK and other signaling cascades, influencing cell fate and immune responses.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARRB2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ609 | Human | 409 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARRB2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19066 | Human | 409 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARRB2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19067 | Human | 409 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARRB2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ18317 | Human | 409 | Details Get a Quote |
| ARRB1 and ARRB2 Knockout HEK293T Cell Line | EDC08108 | Human | 408 and 409 | Details Get a Quote |
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