GO:1903963 arachidonate transport: Lipid Signaling Pathway, Genes, Functions and Research Methods
Research-grade guide for scientists and biopharma professionals
Key Takeaways
• GO:1903963 (arachidonate transport) describes the directed movement of arachidonate into, out of, or within a cell, or between cells, via transporters or pores.
• Arachidonate transport is mechanistically linked to endocannabinoid transport, as anandamide and arachidonic acid share uptake pathways.
• Key proteins implicated include FAAH, NAPE-PLD, and membrane transporters such as those in the endocannabinoid system.
• Dysregulated arachidonate transport contributes to inflammation, cancer, and ischemia-reperfusion injury through ferroptosis.
• CRISPR knockout, knock-in, and overexpression models are essential for dissecting transporter function and lipid signaling.
• EDITGENE provides custom cell models and library screening to study arachidonate transport genes in disease contexts.
Description
Arachidonate transport (GO:1903963) is a biological process defined as the directed movement of arachidonate into, out of, or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Arachidonate, or arachidonic acid, is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that serves as a precursor for eicosanoids and endocannabinoids, and its transport is critical for lipid signaling. Understanding this process is essential for researchers studying inflammation, cancer, and neurological disorders, as arachidonate transport influences membrane dynamics and secretory vesicle exocytosis. The process is tightly linked to endocannabinoid transport, with shared mechanisms for anandamide and arachidonic acid uptake. Recent studies highlight the role of arachidonate transport in ferroptosis during ischemia-reperfusion injury, underscoring its clinical relevance. This article synthesizes authoritative QuickGO data and verified PubMed literature to provide a research-grade overview of GO:1903963, its genes, functions, and experimental approaches.
arachidonate transport At A Glance
| GO ID | GO:1903963 |
|---|---|
| GO term | arachidonate transport |
| Ontology | biological_process |
| Synonym | arachidonic acid transport |
| Major function | Directed movement of arachidonate across cellular membranes via transporters or pores |
| Related process | Endocannabinoid transport and anandamide uptake |
| Key tissues | Brain, immune cells, endothelial cells |
| Disease relevance | Inflammation, cancer, ischemia-reperfusion injury |
What Is GO:1903963?
GO:1903963, arachidonate transport, is the directed movement of an arachidonate molecule into, out of, or within a cell, or between cells, mediated by agents such as transporters or pores. This process is synonymous with arachidonic acid transport and is a biological process essential for lipid signaling and membrane homeostasis.
Why Is arachidonate transport Important in Cell Biology?
Arachidonate transport is crucial because arachidonic acid is a precursor to eicosanoids and endocannabinoids, which regulate inflammation, pain, and cell survival. Disruptions in this process are implicated in cancer progression, where store-independent Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry modulates lipid signaling, and in ischemia-reperfusion injury, where Piezo1 activation enhances ferroptosis via arachidonate transport. Understanding GO:1903963 provides insights into membrane trafficking and secretory vesicle exocytosis.
• Regulates eicosanoid and endocannabinoid synthesis, impacting inflammation and pain.
• Modulates ferroptosis in endothelial cells during ischemia-reperfusion injury.
• Influences cancer cell proliferation through Ca2+ signaling and lipid uptake.
• Essential for secretory vesicle exocytosis and neurotransmitter release.
• Linked to neurodegenerative disorders via endocannabinoid transport dysfunction.
• Potential target for anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapies.
• Involved in membrane remodeling and lipid raft dynamics.
• Provides a model for studying transporter-mediated lipid movement.
What Happens During arachidonate transport?
Arachidonate Release and Membrane Interaction
In simple terms: Arachidonate is first released from membrane lipids and interacts with the cell membrane.
Arachidonate is liberated from phospholipids by phospholipase A2 and then interacts with membrane transporters or pores for directed movement. This step is critical for initiating transport and is linked to endocannabinoid transport mechanisms.
Transporter-Mediated Uptake
In simple terms: Specific proteins help move arachidonate across the cell membrane.
Transporters such as those involved in anandamide uptake facilitate arachidonate movement into cells. The process is energy-dependent and can be regulated by calcium signaling.
Intracellular Trafficking
In simple terms: Once inside, arachidonate is moved to different cellular compartments.
Intracellular arachidonate transport involves binding proteins and membrane contact sites, enabling its delivery to enzymes like cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases.
Regulation by Piezo1 and Ferroptosis
In simple terms: Mechanical stress can trigger arachidonate transport, leading to cell death in some contexts.
Piezo1 activation in endothelial cells enhances arachidonate transport, aggravating ferroptosis during ischemia-reperfusion injury. This highlights a mechanotransduction link to lipid transport.
Role in Secretory Vesicle Exocytosis
In simple terms: Arachidonate transport supports the release of signaling molecules from cells.
Lipids including arachidonate are essential for secretory vesicle exocytosis, influencing neurotransmitter release and hormone secretion.
Key Genes Involved in GO:1903963 arachidonate transport
The following genes and proteins are experimentally implicated in arachidonate transport and related lipid signaling pathways.
| Gene | Major Role | Research Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| FAAH | Degrades anandamide and related lipids | Regulates endocannabinoid transport and arachidonate release |
| NAPE-PLD | Synthesizes anandamide from NAPE | Links arachidonate transport to endocannabinoid signaling |
| Piezo1 | Mechanosensitive cation channel | Activation enhances arachidonate transport and ferroptosis |
| ORAI1 | Store-independent Ca2+ entry channel | Modulates lipid signaling and cancer progression |
| PLA2G4A | Phospholipase A2, releases arachidonate | Initiates arachidonate transport from membranes |
| PTGS1 | Cyclooxygenase-1 | Converts arachidonate to prostaglandins |
| PTGS2 | Cyclooxygenase-2 | Inducible enzyme in inflammation |
| ALOX5 | 5-lipoxygenase | Produces leukotrienes from arachidonate |
| ALOX12 | 12-lipoxygenase | Generates eicosanoids in platelets |
| ALOX15 | 15-lipoxygenase | Involved in inflammation resolution |
| CYP2C9 | Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase | Metabolizes arachidonate to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids |
| CYP2J2 | Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase | Produces EETs with cardiovascular effects |
| SLC27A1 | Fatty acid transport protein | Facilitates arachidonate uptake |
| FABP3 | Fatty acid binding protein | Intracellular arachidonate trafficking |
| FABP5 | Fatty acid binding protein | Modulates lipid signaling in cancer |
| TRPV1 | Capsaicin receptor | Activated by arachidonate metabolites |
| CB1 | Cannabinoid receptor 1 | Mediates endocannabinoid effects linked to arachidonate transport |
How Is arachidonate transport Regulated?
Arachidonate transport is regulated by calcium signaling, mechanical stress via Piezo1, and endocannabinoid system components. Store-independent Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry modulates lipid uptake in cancer cells. Additionally, secretory vesicle exocytosis influences lipid transport dynamics.
arachidonate transport and Human Disease
| Gene | Disease / Biology | Potential Experimental Model |
|---|---|---|
| Piezo1 | Ischemia-reperfusion injury, ferroptosis | Endothelial cell knockout |
| ORAI1 | Cancer, store-independent Ca2+ entry | Cancer cell line overexpression |
| FAAH | Neurodegeneration, pain | Knockout mouse models |
| PTGS2 | Inflammation, cancer | Point mutation knock-in |
| ALOX5 | Asthma, inflammation | Overexpression in immune cells |
Arachidonate Transport in Cancer
Dysregulated arachidonate transport promotes cancer progression by supplying lipids for eicosanoid synthesis and membrane remodeling. Store-independent Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry enhances arachidonate uptake, supporting tumor growth.
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Ferroptosis
Piezo1 activation in endothelial cells aggravates microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing arachidonate transport and ferroptosis. This identifies arachidonate transport as a therapeutic target in ischemic diseases.
Neurodegeneration and Endocannabinoid Signaling
Impaired arachidonate transport affects endocannabinoid signaling, contributing to neurodegenerative disorders. Anandamide transport dysfunction is linked to altered synaptic lipid signaling.
From arachidonate transport-Related Genes to Experimental Models
| Research Question | Suitable Model |
|---|---|
| Does Piezo1 regulate arachidonate transport? | Piezo1 knockout endothelial cells |
| How does ORAI1 affect lipid uptake in cancer? | ORAI1 overexpression in cancer cell lines |
| What is the role of FAAH in endocannabinoid transport? | FAAH knockout mice |
| Can point mutations in PTGS2 alter arachidonate metabolism? | CRISPR point mutation knock-in |
| Does tagged FABP3 track intracellular arachidonate? | Tagged knock-in with fluorescent protein |
| Is ALOX5 overexpression sufficient to drive inflammation? | Overexpression cell models |
How to Study the arachidonate transport Process
| Method | What It Measures | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| Lipidomics (LC-MS/MS) | Arachidonate and metabolite levels | Quantifying transport in cells |
| Fluorescent fatty acid uptake | Real-time transport rate | Live-cell imaging |
| CRISPR knockout screen | Genes affecting transport | Identifying novel transporters |
| Proteomics | Protein interactions with transporters | Mapping transport complexes |
| RNA-seq | Expression of transport-related genes | Transcriptional profiling |
| Calcium imaging | Ca2+ signaling during transport | Orai1 and Piezo1 studies |
| Vesicle exocytosis assay | Secretory vesicle release | Neurotransmitter release |
Lipidomics and Mass Spectrometry
Mass spectrometry-based lipidomics quantifies arachidonate and its metabolites, enabling measurement of transport activity.
Fluorescent Fatty Acid Uptake Assays
Fluorescently labeled arachidonate analogs are used to monitor real-time transport in live cells.
CRISPR Screening for Transporters
Genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens identify genes required for arachidonate transport.
Imaging and Vesicle Trafficking
Live-cell imaging of secretory vesicles reveals arachidonate transport dynamics during exocytosis.
How CRISPR Can Be Used to Study GO:1903963 arachidonate transport
Knockout
CRISPR knockout of genes like Piezo1 or ORAI1 in cell models ablates arachidonate transport, revealing their essential roles.
Point Mutation
Point mutations in transport proteins such as FAAH or PTGS2 can dissect catalytic residues and regulatory sites.
Knock-in
Knock-in of tagged transporters (e.g., GFP-FABP3) enables live-cell tracking of arachidonate transport.
Overexpression
Overexpression of ALOX5 or ORAI1 in cell lines models enhanced arachidonate transport and downstream signaling.
How EDITGENE Supports arachidonate transport Research
Researchers studying arachidonate transport-related genes often need to determine whether a candidate gene is causally involved in lipid signaling, disease progression, or cellular metabolism. EDITGENE provides custom CRISPR cell models and screening services to accelerate this discovery.
Contact EDITGENE today to design your custom CRISPR model for arachidonate transport research.
Frequently Asked Questions About arachidonate transport
What is GO:1903963?
GO:1903963 is the Gene Ontology term for arachidonate transport, defined as the directed movement of arachidonate into, out of, or within a cell, or between cells, via transporters or pores.
What genes are involved in arachidonate transport?
Key genes include FAAH, NAPE-PLD, Piezo1, ORAI1, PLA2G4A, PTGS1/2, ALOX5, and fatty acid transporters like SLC27A1.
How is arachidonate transport regulated?
It is regulated by calcium signaling, mechanical stress via Piezo1, and endocannabinoid system components.
What diseases are linked to arachidonate transport?
Cancer, ischemia-reperfusion injury, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory disorders.
What is the synonym for arachidonate transport?
The synonym is arachidonic acid transport.
Which ontology does GO:1903963 belong to?
It belongs to the biological_process ontology.
How can I study arachidonate transport in the lab?
Use lipidomics, fluorescent uptake assays, CRISPR screens, and imaging of secretory vesicles.
What is the role of Piezo1 in arachidonate transport?
Piezo1 activation enhances arachidonate transport and aggravates ferroptosis in endothelial cells.
Does ORAI1 affect arachidonate transport?
Store-independent Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry modulates lipid signaling and cancer progression.
What CRISPR models are available for arachidonate transport?
Knockout, point mutation, knock-in, and overexpression models for genes like Piezo1, ORAI1, and FAAH.
Conclusion
GO:1903963 arachidonate transport is a fundamental biological process with broad implications for lipid signaling, inflammation, cancer, and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Understanding its molecular players and regulatory mechanisms provides opportunities for therapeutic intervention. EDITGENE offers comprehensive CRISPR solutions to study arachidonate transport genes in relevant disease models.
References
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- 3. Palmer SL et al.. 2002. Cannabinergic ligands.. Chem Phys Lipids 121(1-2):3-19 PMID: 12505686
- 4. Fowler CJ. 2012. Anandamide uptake explained?. Trends Pharmacol Sci 33(4):181-5 PMID: 22297258
- 5. Glaser ST et al.. 2005. Anandamide transport: a critical review.. Life Sci 77(14):1584-604 PMID: 15979096
- 6. Chen FF et al.. 2026. Piezo1 activation in endothelial cells aggravates microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury in limbs by enhancing ferroptosis.. Exp Mol Med 58(1):143-160 PMID: 41507309
- 7. Cantonero C et al.. 2019. Store-independent Orai1-mediated Ca(2+) entry and cancer.. Cell Calcium 80:1-7 PMID: 30921687
- 8. Akefe IO et al.. 2023. Lipids and Secretory Vesicle Exocytosis.. Adv Neurobiol 33:357-397 PMID: 37615874
