GLP1R
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GLP1R |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 6p21.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2740 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2740 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000112164 |
| UniProt ID | P43220 |
| OMIM ID | 138032 |
| HGNC ID | 4321 |
| Aliases | GLP-1R, GLP1, GLP-1 receptor |
Description
The GLP1R gene encodes the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor, a G protein-coupled receptor primarily expressed in pancreatic beta cells, brain, and peripheral tissues. It mediates the incretin effect of GLP-1, stimulating insulin secretion, inhibiting glucagon release, and promoting satiety. GLP1R is a key drug target for type 2 diabetes and obesity therapies, including exenatide, liraglutide, and semaglutide.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Loss-of-function variants reduce insulin secretion in response to GLP-1, impairing glucose homeostasis | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Obesity | GLP1R signaling regulates appetite and energy expenditure; variants may alter response to GLP-1 receptor agonists | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Hyperglycemia | Reduced GLP1R activity contributes to impaired glucose tolerance | ClinVar |
| Hypoglycemia | Gain-of-function variants may enhance insulin secretion excessively | ClinVar |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Pancreas | 12.5 | Medium |
| Brain | 8.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 3.1 | Low |
| Stomach | 2.7 | Low |
| Small intestine | 1.9 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| INS-1 (rat beta cell) | 15.2 | High expression |
| MIN6 (mouse beta cell) | 14.8 | High expression |
| HEK293 | 0.5 | Low expression |
| HepG2 | 0.3 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.250G>A (p.Gly84Ser) | Missense | <0.01% | Reduced receptor activity; associated with impaired glucose tolerance |
| c.1120C>T (p.Arg374Cys) | Missense | <0.01% | Loss of function; linked to type 2 diabetes |
| c.1516G>A (p.Gly506Ser) | Missense | <0.01% | Altered ligand binding; reduced insulin secretion |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Variants such as p.Gly84Ser and p.Arg374Cys reduce GLP-1 binding or signaling, impairing insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Rare gain-of-function variants may enhance receptor activity, leading to increased insulin secretion and risk of hypoglycemia.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been reported for GLP1R.
View complete mutation data：ClinVar: https://www.clinvar.com/gene/2740 COSMIC: https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic/gene/analysis?ln=GLP1R
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activity |
| • peptide hormone binding | • transmembrane signaling receptor activity |
| • positive regulation of insulin secretion | • positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling |
| • negative regulation of appetite | • glucose homeostasis |
Pathways
• GLP-1 signaling pathway
• Incretin pathway
• cAMP/PKA signaling pathway
• Regulation of insulin secretion
Protein Summary
The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) is a 463-amino acid G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It is activated by endogenous GLP-1 and synthetic agonists, leading to Gs-mediated cAMP production, PKA activation, and downstream effects on insulin secretion, beta-cell proliferation, and appetite suppression. GLP-1R is a validated therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLP1R Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1773 | Human | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| Glp1r Knockout B16-F10 Cell Line | EDJ-KZ263 | Mouse | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| Glp1r Knockout H9c2(2-1) Cell Line | EDJ-KZ264 | Rat | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| GLP1R Knockout THP-1 Cell Line | EDJ-KZ265 | Human | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| GLP1R Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53356 | Human | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| GLP1R Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61834 | Human | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| GLP1R Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70318 | Human | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
| GLP1R Knockout BEAS-2B Cell Line | EDC90243 | Human | 2740 | Details Get a Quote |
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